# Copyright (c) 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at: # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """QEMU utilities library.""" from time import time, sleep import json import logging from vpplib.VPPUtil import VPPUtil from vpplib.constants import Constants class NodeType(object): """Defines node types used in topology dictionaries.""" # Device Under Test (this node has VPP running on it) DUT = 'DUT' # Traffic Generator (this node has traffic generator on it) TG = 'TG' # Virtual Machine (this node running on DUT node) VM = 'VM' class QemuUtils(object): """QEMU utilities.""" # noinspection PyDictCreation def __init__(self, qemu_id=1): self._qemu_id = qemu_id # Path to QEMU binary self._qemu_bin = '/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64' # QEMU Machine Protocol socket self._qmp_sock = '/tmp/qmp{0}.sock'.format(self._qemu_id) # QEMU Guest Agent socket self._qga_sock = '/tmp/qga{0}.sock'.format(self._qemu_id) # QEMU PID file self._pid_file = '/tmp/qemu{0}.pid'.format(self._qemu_id) self._qemu_opt = {} # Default 1 CPU. self._qemu_opt['smp'] = '-smp 1,sockets=1,cores=1,threads=1' # Daemonize the QEMU process after initialization. Default one # management interface. self._qemu_opt['options'] = '-cpu host -daemonize -enable-kvm ' \ '-machine pc,accel=kvm,usb=off,mem-merge=off ' \ '-net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:00:{0:02x}:ff -balloon none'\ .format(self._qemu_id) self._qemu_opt['ssh_fwd_port'] = 10021 + qemu_id # Default serial console port self._qemu_opt['serial_port'] = 4555 + qemu_id # Default 512MB virtual RAM self._qemu_opt['mem_size'] = 512 # Default huge page mount point, required for Vhost-user interfaces. self._qemu_opt['huge_mnt'] = '/mnt/huge' # Default do not allocate huge pages. self._qemu_opt['huge_allocate'] = False # Default image for CSIT virl setup self._qemu_opt['disk_image'] = '/var/lib/vm/vhost-nested.img' # VM node info dict self._vm_info = { 'type': NodeType.VM, 'port': self._qemu_opt['ssh_fwd_port'], 'username': 'cisco', 'password': 'cisco', 'interfaces': {}, } # Virtio queue count self._qemu_opt['queues'] = 1 self._vhost_id = 0 self._ssh = None self._node = None self._socks = [self._qmp_sock, self._qga_sock] def qemu_set_bin(self, path): """Set binary path for QEMU. :param path: Absolute path in filesystem. :type path: str """ self._qemu_bin = path def qemu_set_smp(self, cpus, cores, threads, sockets): """Set SMP option for QEMU. :param cpus: Number of CPUs. :param cores: Number of CPU cores on one socket. :param threads: Number of threads on one CPU core. :param sockets: Number of discrete sockets in the system. :type cpus: int :type cores: int :type threads: int :type sockets: int """ self._qemu_opt['smp'] = '-smp {},cores={},threads={},sockets={}'.format( cpus, cores, threads, sockets) def qemu_set_ssh_fwd_port(self, fwd_port): """Set host port for guest SSH forwarding. :param fwd_port: Port number on host for guest SSH forwarding. :type fwd_port: int """ self._qemu_opt['ssh_fwd_port'] = fwd_port self._vm_info['port'] = fwd_port def qemu_set_serial_port(self, port): """Set serial console port. :param port: Serial console port. :type port: int """ self._qemu_opt['serial_port'] = port def qemu_set_mem_size(self, mem_size): """Set virtual RAM size. :param mem_size: RAM size in Mega Bytes. :type mem_size: int """ self._qemu_opt['mem_size'] = int(mem_size) def qemu_set_huge_mnt(self, huge_mnt): """Set hugefile mount point. :param huge_mnt: System hugefile mount point. :type huge_mnt: int """ self._qemu_opt['huge_mnt'] = huge_mnt def qemu_set_huge_allocate(self): """Set flag to allocate more huge pages if needed.""" self._qemu_opt['huge_allocate'] = True def qemu_set_disk_image(self, disk_image): """Set disk image. :param disk_image: Path of the disk image. :type disk_image: str """ self._qemu_opt['disk_image'] = disk_image def qemu_set_affinity(self, *host_cpus): """Set qemu affinity by getting thread PIDs via QMP and taskset to list of CPU cores. :param host_cpus: List of CPU cores. :type host_cpus: list """ qemu_cpus = self._qemu_qmp_exec('query-cpus')['return'] if len(qemu_cpus) != len(host_cpus): logging.debug('Host CPU count {0}, Qemu Thread count {1}'.format( len(host_cpus), len(qemu_cpus))) raise ValueError('Host CPU count must match Qemu Thread count') for qemu_cpu, host_cpu in zip(qemu_cpus, host_cpus): cmd = 'taskset -pc {0} {1}'.format(host_cpu, qemu_cpu['thread_id']) (ret_code, _, stderr) = self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd) if int(ret_code) != 0: logging.debug('Set affinity failed {0}'.format(stderr)) raise RuntimeError('Set affinity failed on {0}'.format( self._node['host'])) def qemu_set_scheduler_policy(self): """Set scheduler policy to SCHED_RR with priority 1 for all Qemu CPU processes. :raises RuntimeError: Set scheduler policy failed. """ qemu_cpus = self._qemu_qmp_exec('query-cpus')['return'] for qemu_cpu in qemu_cpus: cmd = 'chrt -r -p 1 {0}'.format(qemu_cpu['thread_id']) (ret_code, _, stderr) = self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd) if int(ret_code) != 0: logging.debug('Set SCHED_RR failed {0}'.format(stderr)) raise RuntimeError('Set SCHED_RR failed on {0}'.format( self._node['host'])) def qemu_set_node(self, node): """Set node to run QEMU on. :param node: Node to run QEMU on. :type node: dict """ self._node = node self._vm_info['host'] = node['host'] def qemu_add_vhost_user_if(self, socket, server=True, mac=None): """Add Vhost-user interface. :param socket: Path of the unix socket. :param server: If True the socket shall be a listening socket. :param mac: Vhost-user interface MAC address (optional, otherwise is used auto-generated MAC 52:54:00:00:xx:yy). :type socket: str :type server: bool :type mac: str """ self._vhost_id += 1 # Create unix socket character device. chardev = ' -chardev socket,id=char{0},path={1}'.format(self._vhost_id, socket) if server is True: chardev += ',server' self._qemu_opt['options'] += chardev # Create Vhost-user network backend. netdev = (' -netdev vhost-user,id=vhost{0},chardev=char{0},queues={1}' .format(self._vhost_id, self._qemu_opt['queues'])) self._qemu_opt['options'] += netdev # If MAC is not specified use auto-generated MAC address based on # template 52:54:00:00::, e.g. vhost1 MAC of QEMU # with ID 1 is 52:54:00:00:01:01 if mac is None: mac = '52:54:00:00:{0:02x}:{1:02x}'.\ format(self._qemu_id, self._vhost_id) extend_options = 'mq=on,csum=off,gso=off,guest_tso4=off,'\ 'guest_tso6=off,guest_ecn=off,mrg_rxbuf=off' # Create Virtio network device. device = ' -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=vhost{0},mac={1},{2}'.format( self._vhost_id, mac, extend_options) self._qemu_opt['options'] += device # Add interface MAC and socket to the node dict if_data = {'mac_address': mac, 'socket': socket} if_name = 'vhost{}'.format(self._vhost_id) self._vm_info['interfaces'][if_name] = if_data # Add socket to the socket list self._socks.append(socket) def _qemu_qmp_exec(self, cmd): """Execute QMP command. QMP is JSON based protocol which allows to control QEMU instance. :param cmd: QMP command to execute. :type cmd: str :return: Command output in python representation of JSON format. The { "return": {} } response is QMP's success response. An error response will contain the "error" keyword instead of "return". """ # To enter command mode, the qmp_capabilities command must be issued. qmp_cmd = 'echo "{ \\"execute\\": \\"qmp_capabilities\\" }' \ '{ \\"execute\\": \\"' + cmd + \ '\\" }" | sudo -S socat - UNIX-CONNECT:' + self._qmp_sock (ret_code, stdout, stderr) = self._ssh.exec_command(qmp_cmd) if int(ret_code) != 0: logging.debug('QMP execute failed {0}'.format(stderr)) raise RuntimeError('QMP execute "{0}"' ' failed on {1}'.format(cmd, self._node['host'])) logging.debug(stdout) # Skip capabilities negotiation messages. out_list = stdout.splitlines() if len(out_list) < 3: raise RuntimeError('Invalid QMP output on {0}'.format( self._node['host'])) return json.loads(out_list[2]) def _qemu_qga_flush(self): """Flush the QGA parser state """ qga_cmd = '(printf "\xFF"; sleep 1) | sudo -S socat - UNIX-CONNECT:' + \ self._qga_sock # TODO: probably need something else (ret_code, stdout, stderr) = self._ssh.exec_command(qga_cmd) if int(ret_code) != 0: logging.debug('QGA execute failed {0}'.format(stderr)) raise RuntimeError('QGA execute "{0}" ' 'failed on {1}'.format(qga_cmd, self._node['host'])) logging.debug(stdout) if not stdout: return {} return json.loads(stdout.split('\n', 1)[0]) def _qemu_qga_exec(self, cmd): """Execute QGA command. QGA provide access to a system-level agent via standard QMP commands. :param cmd: QGA command to execute. :type cmd: str """ qga_cmd = '(echo "{ \\"execute\\": \\"' + \ cmd + \ '\\" }"; sleep 1) | sudo -S socat - UNIX-CONNECT:' + \ self._qga_sock (ret_code, stdout, stderr) = self._ssh.exec_command(qga_cmd) if int(ret_code) != 0: logging.debug('QGA execute failed {0}'.format(stderr)) raise RuntimeError('QGA execute "{0}"' ' failed on {1}'.format(cmd, self._node['host'])) logging.debug(stdout) if not stdout: return {} return json.loads(stdout.split('\n', 1)[0]) def _wait_until_vm_boot(self, timeout=60): """Wait until QEMU VM is booted. Ping QEMU guest agent each 5s until VM booted or timeout. :param timeout: Waiting timeout in seconds (optional, default 60s). :type timeout: int """ start = time() while True: if time() - start > timeout: raise RuntimeError('timeout, VM {0} not booted on {1}'.format( self._qemu_opt['disk_image'], self._node['host'])) out = None try: self._qemu_qga_flush() out = self._qemu_qga_exec('guest-ping') except ValueError: logging.debug('QGA guest-ping unexpected output {}'.format(out)) # Empty output - VM not booted yet if not out: sleep(5) # Non-error return - VM booted elif out.get('return') is not None: break # Skip error and wait elif out.get('error') is not None: sleep(5) else: # If there is an unexpected output from QGA guest-info, try # again until timeout. logging.debug('QGA guest-ping unexpected output {}'.format(out)) logging.debug('VM {0} booted on {1}'.format(self._qemu_opt['disk_image'], self._node['host'])) def _update_vm_interfaces(self): """Update interface names in VM node dict.""" # Send guest-network-get-interfaces command via QGA, output example: # {"return": [{"name": "eth0", "hardware-address": "52:54:00:00:04:01"}, # {"name": "eth1", "hardware-address": "52:54:00:00:04:02"}]} out = self._qemu_qga_exec('guest-network-get-interfaces') interfaces = out.get('return') mac_name = {} if not interfaces: raise RuntimeError('Get VM {0} interface list failed on {1}'.format( self._qemu_opt['disk_image'], self._node['host'])) # Create MAC-name dict for interface in interfaces: if 'hardware-address' not in interface: continue mac_name[interface['hardware-address']] = interface['name'] # Match interface by MAC and save interface name for interface in self._vm_info['interfaces'].values(): mac = interface.get('mac_address') if_name = mac_name.get(mac) if if_name is None: logging.debug('Interface name for MAC {} not found'.format(mac)) else: interface['name'] = if_name def _huge_page_check(self, allocate=False): """Huge page check.""" huge_mnt = self._qemu_opt.get('huge_mnt') mem_size = self._qemu_opt.get('mem_size') # Get huge pages information huge_size = self._get_huge_page_size() huge_free = self._get_huge_page_free(huge_size) huge_total = self._get_huge_page_total(huge_size) # Check if memory reqested by qemu is available on host if (mem_size * 1024) > (huge_free * huge_size): # If we want to allocate hugepage dynamically if allocate: mem_needed = abs((huge_free * huge_size) - (mem_size * 1024)) huge_to_allocate = ((mem_needed / huge_size) * 2) + huge_total max_map_count = huge_to_allocate*4 # Increase maximum number of memory map areas a process may have cmd = 'echo "{0}" | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/max_map_count'.format( max_map_count) (ret_code, _, stderr) = self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd) # Increase hugepage count cmd = 'echo "{0}" | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages'.format( huge_to_allocate) (ret_code, _, stderr) = self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd) if int(ret_code) != 0: logging.debug('Mount huge pages failed {0}'.format(stderr)) raise RuntimeError('Mount huge pages failed on {0}'.format( self._node['host'])) # If we do not want to allocate dynamicaly end with error else: raise RuntimeError( 'Not enough free huge pages: {0}, ' '{1} MB'.format(huge_free, huge_free * huge_size) ) # Check if huge pages mount point exist has_huge_mnt = False (_, output, _) = self._ssh.exec_command('cat /proc/mounts') for line in output.splitlines(): # Try to find something like: # none /mnt/huge hugetlbfs rw,relatime,pagesize=2048k 0 0 mount = line.split() if mount[2] == 'hugetlbfs' and mount[1] == huge_mnt: has_huge_mnt = True break # If huge page mount point not exist create one if not has_huge_mnt: cmd = 'mkdir -p {0}'.format(huge_mnt) (ret_code, _, stderr) = self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd) if int(ret_code) != 0: logging.debug('Create mount dir failed: {0}'.format(stderr)) raise RuntimeError('Create mount dir failed on {0}'.format( self._node['host'])) cmd = 'mount -t hugetlbfs -o pagesize=2048k none {0}'.format( huge_mnt) (ret_code, _, stderr) = self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd) if int(ret_code) != 0: logging.debug('Mount huge pages failed {0}'.format(stderr)) raise RuntimeError('Mount huge pages failed on {0}'.format( self._node['host'])) def _get_huge_page_size(self): """Get default size of huge pages in system. :returns: Default size of free huge pages in system. :rtype: int :raises: RuntimeError if reading failed for three times. """ # TODO: remove to dedicated library cmd_huge_size = "grep Hugepagesize /proc/meminfo | awk '{ print $2 }'" for _ in range(3): (ret, out, _) = self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd_huge_size) if ret == 0: try: huge_size = int(out) except ValueError: logging.debug('Reading huge page size information failed') else: break else: raise RuntimeError('Getting huge page size information failed.') return huge_size def _get_huge_page_free(self, huge_size): """Get total number of huge pages in system. :param huge_size: Size of hugepages. :type huge_size: int :returns: Number of free huge pages in system. :rtype: int :raises: RuntimeError if reading failed for three times. """ # TODO: add numa aware option # TODO: remove to dedicated library cmd_huge_free = 'cat /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-{0}kB/'\ 'free_hugepages'.format(huge_size) for _ in range(3): (ret, out, _) = self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd_huge_free) if ret == 0: try: huge_free = int(out) except ValueError: logging.debug('Reading free huge pages information failed') else: break else: raise RuntimeError('Getting free huge pages information failed.') return huge_free def _get_huge_page_total(self, huge_size): """Get total number of huge pages in system. :param huge_size: Size of hugepages. :type huge_size: int :returns: Total number of huge pages in system. :rtype: int :raises: RuntimeError if reading failed for three times. """ # TODO: add numa aware option # TODO: remove to dedicated library cmd_huge_total = 'cat /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-{0}kB/'\ 'nr_hugepages'.format(huge_size) for _ in range(3): (ret, out, _) = self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd_huge_total) if ret == 0: try: huge_total = int(out) except ValueError: logging.debug('Reading total huge pages information failed') else: break else: raise RuntimeError('Getting total huge pages information failed.') return huge_total def qemu_start(self): """Start QEMU and wait until VM boot. :return: VM node info. :rtype: dict .. note:: First set at least node to run QEMU on. .. warning:: Starts only one VM on the node. """ # SSH forwarding ssh_fwd = '-net user,hostfwd=tcp::{0}-:22'.format( self._qemu_opt.get('ssh_fwd_port')) # Memory and huge pages mem = '-object memory-backend-file,id=mem,size={0}M,mem-path={1},' \ 'share=on -m {0} -numa node,memdev=mem'.format( self._qemu_opt.get('mem_size'), self._qemu_opt.get('huge_mnt')) # By default check only if hugepages are available. # If 'huge_allocate' is set to true try to allocate as well. self._huge_page_check(allocate=self._qemu_opt.get('huge_allocate')) # Disk option drive = '-drive file={0},format=raw,cache=none,if=virtio'.format( self._qemu_opt.get('disk_image')) # Setup QMP via unix socket qmp = '-qmp unix:{0},server,nowait'.format(self._qmp_sock) # Setup serial console serial = '-chardev socket,host=127.0.0.1,port={0},id=gnc0,server,' \ 'nowait -device isa-serial,chardev=gnc0'.format( self._qemu_opt.get('serial_port')) # Setup QGA via chardev (unix socket) and isa-serial channel qga = '-chardev socket,path={0},server,nowait,id=qga0 ' \ '-device isa-serial,chardev=qga0'.format(self._qga_sock) # Graphic setup graphic = '-monitor none -display none -vga none' # PID file pid = '-pidfile {}'.format(self._pid_file) # Run QEMU cmd = '{0} {1} {2} {3} {4} {5} {6} {7} {8} {9} {10}'.format( self._qemu_bin, self._qemu_opt.get('smp'), mem, ssh_fwd, self._qemu_opt.get('options'), drive, qmp, serial, qga, graphic, pid) (ret_code, _, stderr) = self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd, timeout=300) if int(ret_code) != 0: logging.debug('QEMU start failed {0}'.format(stderr)) raise RuntimeError('QEMU start failed on {0}'.format( self._node['host'])) logging.debug('QEMU running') # Wait until VM boot try: self._wait_until_vm_boot() except RuntimeError: self.qemu_kill_all() self.qemu_clear_socks() raise # Update interface names in VM node dict self._update_vm_interfaces() # Return VM node dict return self._vm_info def qemu_quit(self): """Quit the QEMU emulator.""" out = self._qemu_qmp_exec('quit') err = out.get('error') if err is not None: raise RuntimeError('QEMU quit failed on {0}, error: {1}'.format( self._node['host'], json.dumps(err))) def qemu_system_powerdown(self): """Power down the system (if supported).""" out = self._qemu_qmp_exec('system_powerdown') err = out.get('error') if err is not None: raise RuntimeError( 'QEMU system powerdown failed on {0}, ' 'error: {1}'.format(self._node['host'], json.dumps(err)) ) def qemu_system_reset(self): """Reset the system.""" out = self._qemu_qmp_exec('system_reset') err = out.get('error') if err is not None: raise RuntimeError( 'QEMU system reset failed on {0}, ' 'error: {1}'.format(self._node['host'], json.dumps(err))) def qemu_kill(self): """Kill qemu process.""" # Note: in QEMU start phase there are 3 QEMU processes because we # daemonize QEMU self._ssh.exec_command_sudo('chmod +r {}'.format(self._pid_file)) self._ssh.exec_command_sudo('kill -SIGKILL $(cat {})' .format(self._pid_file)) # Delete PID file cmd = 'rm -f {}'.format(self._pid_file) self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd) def qemu_kill_all(self, node=None): """Kill all qemu processes on DUT node if specified. :param node: Node to kill all QEMU processes on. :type node: dict """ if node: self.qemu_set_node(node) self._ssh.exec_command_sudo('pkill -SIGKILL qemu') def qemu_clear_socks(self): """Remove all sockets created by QEMU.""" # If serial console port still open kill process cmd = 'fuser -k {}/tcp'.format(self._qemu_opt.get('serial_port')) self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd) # Delete all created sockets for sock in self._socks: cmd = 'rm -f {}'.format(sock) self._ssh.exec_command_sudo(cmd) def qemu_system_status(self): """Return current VM status. VM should be in following status: - debug: QEMU running on a debugger - finish-migrate: paused to finish the migration process - inmigrate: waiting for an incoming migration - internal-error: internal error has occurred - io-error: the last IOP has failed - paused: paused - postmigrate: paused following a successful migrate - prelaunch: QEMU was started with -S and guest has not started - restore-vm: paused to restore VM state - running: actively running - save-vm: paused to save the VM state - shutdown: shut down (and -no-shutdown is in use) - suspended: suspended (ACPI S3) - watchdog: watchdog action has been triggered - guest-panicked: panicked as a result of guest OS panic :return: VM status. :rtype: str """ out = self._qemu_qmp_exec('query-status') ret = out.get('return') if ret is not None: return ret.get('status') else: err = out.get('error') raise RuntimeError( 'QEMU query-status failed on {0}, ' 'error: {1}'.format(self._node['host'], json.dumps(err))) @staticmethod def build_qemu(node, force_install=False, apply_patch=False): """Build QEMU from sources. :param node: Node to build QEMU on. :param force_install: If True, then remove previous build. :param apply_patch: If True, then apply patches from qemu_patches dir. :type node: dict :type force_install: bool :type apply_patch: bool :raises: RuntimeError if building QEMU failed. """ directory = ' --directory={0}'.format(Constants.QEMU_INSTALL_DIR) version = ' --version={0}'.format(Constants.QEMU_INSTALL_VERSION) force = ' --force' if force_install else '' patch = ' --patch' if apply_patch else '' (ret_code, stdout, stderr) = VPPUtil. \ exec_command( "sudo -E sh -c '{0}/{1}/qemu_build.sh{2}{3}{4}{5}'". format(Constants.REMOTE_FW_DIR, Constants.RESOURCES_LIB_SH, version, directory, force, patch), 1000) if int(ret_code) != 0: logging.debug('QEMU build failed {0}'.format(stdout + stderr)) raise RuntimeError('QEMU build failed on {0}'.format(node['host']))