Network Working Group P. Quinn Internet-Draft Cisco Systems, Inc. Intended status: Experimental P. Agarwal Expires: January 4, 2015 Broadcom R. Fernando L. Kreeger D. Lewis F. Maino M. Smith N. Yadav Cisco Systems, Inc. L. Yong Huawei USA X. Xu Huawei Technologies U. Elzur Intel P. Garg Microsoft July 3, 2014 Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN draft-quinn-vxlan-gpe-03.txt Abstract This draft describes extending Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN), via changes to the VXLAN header, with three new capabilities: support for multi-protocol encapsulation, operations, administration and management (OAM) signaling and explicit versioning. Status of this Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 This Internet-Draft will expire on January 4, 2015. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. VXLAN Without Protocol Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3. Generic Protocol Extension VXLAN (VXLAN-gpe) . . . . . . . . . 6 3.1. Multi Protocol Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.2. OAM Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.3. Version Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4. Backward Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.1. VXLAN VTEP to VXLAN-gpe VTEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.2. VXLAN-gpe VTEP to VXLAN VTEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.3. VXLAN-gpe UDP Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.4. VXLAN-gpe and Encapsulated IP Header Fields . . . . . . . 8 5. VXLAN-gpe Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 7. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 8.1. UDP Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 8.2. VXLAN-gpe Next Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 8.3. VXLAN-gpe Reserved Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 1. Introduction Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network [VXLAN] defines an encapsulation format that encapsulates Ethernet frames in an outer UDP/IP transport. As data centers evolve, the need to carry other protocols encapsulated in an IP packet is required, as well as the need to provide increased visibility and diagnostic capabilities within the overlay. The VXLAN header does not specify the protocol being encapsulated and therefore is currently limited to encapsulating only Ethernet frame payload, nor does it provide the ability to define OAM protocols. Rather than defining yet another encapsulation, VXLAN is extended to provide protocol typing and OAM capabilities. This document describes extending VXLAN via the following changes: Next Protocol Bit (P bit): A reserved flag bit is allocated, and set in the VXLAN-gpe header to indicate that a next protocol field is present. OAM Flag Bit (O bit): A reserved flag bit is allocated, and set in the VXLAN-gpe header, to indicate that the packet is an OAM packet. Version: Two reserved bits are allocated, and set in the VXLAN-gpe header, to indicate VXLAN-gpe protocol version. Next Protocol: A 8 bit next protocol field is present in the VXLAN- gpe header. Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 4] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 2. VXLAN Without Protocol Extension As described in the introduction, the VXLAN header has no protocol identifier that indicates the type of payload being carried by VXLAN. Because of this, VXLAN is limited to an Ethernet payload. Furthermore, the VXLAN header has no mechanism to signal OAM packets. The VXLAN header defines bits 0-7 as flags (some defined, some reserved), the VXLAN network identifier (VNI) field and several reserved bits. The flags provide flexibility to define how the reserved bits can be used to change the definition of the VXLAN header. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |R|R|R|R|I|R|R|R| Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 1: VXLAN Header Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 5] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 3. Generic Protocol Extension VXLAN (VXLAN-gpe) 3.1. Multi Protocol Support This draft defines the following two changes to the VXLAN header in order to support multi-protocol encapsulation: P Bit: Flag bit 5 is defined as the Next Protocol bit. The P bit MUST be set to 1 to indicate the presence of the 8 bit next protocol field. P = 0 indicates that the payload MUST conform to VXLAN as defined in [VXLAN]. Flag bit 5 was chosen as the P bit because this flag bit is currently reserved in VXLAN. Next Protocol Field: The lower 8 bits of the first word are used to carry a next protocol. This next protocol field contains the protocol of the encapsulated payload packet. A new protocol registry will be requested from IANA. This draft defines the following Next Protocol values: 0x1 : IPv4 0x2 : IPv6 0x3 : Ethernet 0x4 : Network Service Header [NSH] 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |R|R|R|R|I|P|R|R| Reserved |Next Protocol | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 2: VXLAN-gpe Next Protocol Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 6] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 3.2. OAM Support Flag bit 7 is defined as the O bit. When the O bit is set to 1, the packet is an OAM packet and OAM processing MUST occur. The OAM protocol details are out of scope for this document. As with the P-bit, bit 7 is currently a reserved flag in VXLAN. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |R|R|R|R|I|P|R|O| Reserved |Next Protocol | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 3: VXLAN-gpe OAM Bit 3.3. Version Bits VXLAN-gpe bits 8 and 9 are defined as version bits. These bits are reserved in VXLAN. The version field is used to ensure backward compatibility going forward with future VXLAN-gpe updates. The initial version for VXLAN-gpe is 0. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |R|R|R|R|I|P|R|O|Ver| Reserved |Next Protocol | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 4: VXLAN-gpe Version Bits Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 7] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 4. Backward Compatibility 4.1. VXLAN VTEP to VXLAN-gpe VTEP As per VXLAN, reserved bits 5 and 7, VXLAN-gpe P and O-bits respectively must be set to zero. The remaining reserved bits must be zero, including the VXLAN-gpe version field, bits 8 and 9. The encapsulated payload MUST be Ethernet. 4.2. VXLAN-gpe VTEP to VXLAN VTEP A VXLAN-gpe VTEP MUST NOT encapsulate non-Ethernet frames to a VXLAN VTEP. When encapsulating Ethernet frames to a VXLAN VTEP, the VXLAN- gpe VTEP will set the P bit to 0, the Next Protocol to 0 and use UDP destination port 4789. A VXLAN-gpe VTEP MUST also set O = 0 and Ver = 0 when encapsulating Ethernet frames to VXLAN VTEP. The receiving VXLAN VTEP will threat this packet as a VXLAN packet. A method for determining the capabilities of a VXLAN VTEP (gpe or non-gpe) is out of the scope of this draft. 4.3. VXLAN-gpe UDP Ports VXLAN-gpe uses a new UDP destination port (to be assigned by IANA) when sending traffic to VXLAN-gpe VTEPs. 4.4. VXLAN-gpe and Encapsulated IP Header Fields When encapsulating and decapsulating IPv4 and IPv6 packets, certain fields, such as IPv4 Time to Live (TTL) from the inner IP header need to be considered. VXLAN-gpe IP encapsulation and decapsulation utilizes the techniques described in [RFC6830], section 5.3. Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 8] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 5. VXLAN-gpe Examples This section provides three examples of protocols encapsulated using the Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN described in this document. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |R|R|R|R|I|1|R|0|0|0| Reserved | NP = IPv4 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Original IPv4 Packet | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 5: IPv4 and VXLAN-gpe 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |R|R|R|R|I|1|R|0|0|0| Reserved | NP = IPv6 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Original IPv6 Packet | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 6: IPv6 and VXLAN-gpe Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 9] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |R|R|R|R|I|1|R|0|0|0| Reserved |NP = Ethernet | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Original Ethernet Frame | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 7: Ethernet and VXLAN-gpe Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 10] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 6. Security Considerations VXLAN's security is focused on issues around L2 encapsulation into L3. With VXLAN-gpe, issues such as spoofing, flooding, and traffic redirection are dependent on the particular protocol payload encapsulated. Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 11] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 7. Acknowledgments A special thank you goes to Dino Farinacci for his guidance and detailed review. Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 12] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 8. IANA Considerations 8.1. UDP Port A new UDP port will be requested from IANA. 8.2. VXLAN-gpe Next Protocol IANA is requested to set up a registry of "Next Protocol". These are 8-bit values. Next Protocol values 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 are defined in this draft. New values are assigned via Standards Action [RFC5226]. +---------------+-------------+---------------+ | Next Protocol | Description | Reference | +---------------+-------------+---------------+ | 0 | Reserved | This document | | | | | | 1 | IPv4 | This document | | | | | | 2 | IPv6 | This document | | | | | | 3 | Ethernet | This document | | | | | | 4 | NSH | This document | | | | | | 5..253 | Unassigned | | +---------------+-------------+---------------+ Table 1 8.3. VXLAN-gpe Reserved Bits There are ten bits at the beginning of the VXLAN-gpe header. New bits are assigned via Standards Action [RFC5226]. Bits 0-3 - Reserved Bit 4 - Instance ID (I bit) Bit 5 - Next Protocol (P bit) Bit 6 - Reserved Bit 7 - OAM (O bit) Bits 8-9 - Version Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 13] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 9. References 9.1. Normative References [RFC0768] Postel, J., "User Datagram Protocol", STD 6, RFC 768, August 1980. [RFC0791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September 1981. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226, May 2008. 9.2. Informative References [NSH] Quinn, P. and et al. , "Network Service Header", 2014. [RFC1700] Reynolds, J. and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", RFC 1700, October 1994. [RFC6830] Farinacci, D., Fuller, V., Meyer, D., and D. Lewis, "The Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP)", RFC 6830, January 2013. [VXLAN] Dutt, D., Mahalingam, M., Duda, K., Agarwal, P., Kreeger, L., Sridhar, T., Bursell, M., and C. Wright, "VXLAN: A Framework for Overlaying Virtualized Layer 2 Networks over Layer 3 Networks", 2013. Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 14] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 Authors' Addresses Paul Quinn Cisco Systems, Inc. Email: paulq@cisco.com Puneet Agarwal Broadcom Email: pagarwal@broadcom.com Rex Fernando Cisco Systems, Inc. Email: rex@cisco.com Larry Kreeger Cisco Systems, Inc. Email: kreeger@cisco.com Darrel Lewis Cisco Systems, Inc. Email: darlewis@cisco.com Fabio Maino Cisco Systems, Inc. Email: kreeger@cisco.com Michael Smith Cisco Systems, Inc. Email: michsmit@cisco.com Quinn, et al. Expires January 4, 2015 [Page 15] Internet-Draft Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN July 2014 Navindra Yadav Cisco Systems, Inc. Email: nyadav@cisco.com Lucy Yong Huawei USA Email: lucy.yong@huawei.com Xiaohu Xu Huawei Technologies Email: xuxiaohu@huawei.com Uri Elzur Intel Email: uri.elzur@intel.com Pankaj Garg Microsoft Email: Garg.Pankaj@microsoft.com