Imported Upstream version 16.04

Change-Id: I77eadcd8538a9122e4773cbe55b24033dc451757
Signed-off-by: C.J. Collier <cjcollier@linuxfoundation.org>

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+..  BSD LICENSE
+    Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+    All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+
+    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+    distribution.
+    * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
+    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
+    from this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+    "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+    LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+    A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+    OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+    SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+    LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+    DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+    (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+    OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+Power Management
+================
+
+The DPDK Power Management feature allows users space applications to save power
+by dynamically adjusting CPU frequency or entering into different C-States.
+
+*   Adjusting the CPU frequency dynamically according to the utilization of RX queue.
+
+*   Entering into different deeper C-States according to the adaptive algorithms to speculate
+    brief periods of time suspending the application if no packets are received.
+
+The interfaces for adjusting the operating CPU frequency are in the power management library.
+C-State control is implemented in applications according to the different use cases.
+
+CPU Frequency Scaling
+---------------------
+
+The Linux kernel provides a cpufreq module for CPU frequency scaling for each lcore.
+For example, for cpuX, /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/cpufreq/ has the following sys files for frequency scaling:
+
+*   affected_cpus
+
+*   bios_limit
+
+*   cpuinfo_cur_freq
+
+*   cpuinfo_max_freq
+
+*   cpuinfo_min_freq
+
+*   cpuinfo_transition_latency
+
+*   related_cpus
+
+*   scaling_available_frequencies
+
+*   scaling_available_governors
+
+*   scaling_cur_freq
+
+*   scaling_driver
+
+*   scaling_governor
+
+*   scaling_max_freq
+
+*   scaling_min_freq
+
+*   scaling_setspeed
+
+In the DPDK, scaling_governor is configured in user space.
+Then, a user space application can prompt the kernel by writing scaling_setspeed to adjust the CPU frequency
+according to the strategies defined by the user space application.
+
+Core-load Throttling through C-States
+-------------------------------------
+
+Core state can be altered by speculative sleeps whenever the specified lcore has nothing to do.
+In the DPDK, if no packet is received after polling,
+speculative sleeps can be triggered according the strategies defined by the user space application.
+
+API Overview of the Power Library
+---------------------------------
+
+The main methods exported by power library are for CPU frequency scaling and include the following:
+
+*   **Freq up**: Prompt the kernel to scale up the frequency of the specific lcore.
+
+*   **Freq down**: Prompt the kernel to scale down the frequency of the specific lcore.
+
+*   **Freq max**: Prompt the kernel to scale up the frequency of the specific lcore to the maximum.
+
+*   **Freq min**: Prompt the kernel to scale down the frequency of the specific lcore to the minimum.
+
+*   **Get available freqs**: Read the available frequencies of the specific lcore from the sys file.
+
+*   **Freq get**: Get the current frequency of the specific lcore.
+
+*   **Freq set**: Prompt the kernel to set the frequency for the specific lcore.
+
+User Cases
+----------
+
+The power management mechanism is used to save power when performing L3 forwarding.
+
+References
+----------
+
+*   l3fwd-power: The sample application in DPDK that performs L3 forwarding with power management.
+
+*   The "L3 Forwarding with Power Management Sample Application" chapter in the *DPDK Sample Application's User Guide*.