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.. BSD LICENSE
Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
distribution.
* Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
from this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
System Requirements
===================
This chapter describes the packages required to compile the DPDK.
.. note::
If the DPDK is being used on an Intel® Communications Chipset 89xx Series platform,
please consult the *Intel® Communications Chipset 89xx Series Software for Linux Getting Started Guide*.
BIOS Setting Prerequisite on x86
--------------------------------
For the majority of platforms, no special BIOS settings are needed to use basic DPDK functionality.
However, for additional HPET timer and power management functionality,
and high performance of small packets, BIOS setting changes may be needed.
Consult the section on :ref:`Enabling Additional Functionality <Enabling_Additional_Functionality>`
for more information on the required changes.
.. note::
If UEFI secure boot is enabled, the Linux kernel may disallow the use of
UIO on the system. Therefore, devices for use by DPDK should be bound to the
``vfio-pci`` kernel module rather than ``igb_uio`` or ``uio_pci_generic``.
For more details see :ref:`linux_gsg_binding_kernel`.
Compilation of the DPDK
-----------------------
**Required Tools and Libraries:**
.. note::
Testing has been performed using Fedora 18. The setup commands and installed packages needed on other systems may be different.
For details on other Linux distributions and the versions tested, please consult the DPDK Release Notes.
* GNU ``make``.
* coreutils: ``cmp``, ``sed``, ``grep``, ``arch``, etc.
* gcc: versions 4.9 or later is recommended for all platforms.
On some distributions, some specific compiler flags and linker flags are enabled by
default and affect performance (``-fstack-protector``, for example). Please refer to the documentation
of your distribution and to ``gcc -dumpspecs``.
* libc headers, often packaged as ``gcc-multilib`` (``glibc-devel.i686`` / ``libc6-dev-i386``;
``glibc-devel.x86_64`` / ``libc6-dev`` for 64-bit compilation on Intel architecture;
``glibc-devel.ppc64`` for 64 bit IBM Power architecture;)
* Linux kernel headers or sources required to build kernel modules. (kernel - devel.x86_64;
kernel - devel.ppc64)
* Additional packages required for 32-bit compilation on 64-bit systems are:
* glibc.i686, libgcc.i686, libstdc++.i686 and glibc-devel.i686 for Intel i686/x86_64;
* glibc.ppc64, libgcc.ppc64, libstdc++.ppc64 and glibc-devel.ppc64 for IBM ppc_64;
.. note::
x86_x32 ABI is currently supported with distribution packages only on Ubuntu
higher than 13.10 or recent Debian distribution. The only supported compiler is gcc 4.9+.
* Library for handling NUMA (Non Uniform Memory Access).
* numactl-devel in Red Hat/Fedora;
* libnuma-dev in Debian/Ubuntu;
* Python, version 2.7+ or 3.2+, to use various helper scripts included in the DPDK package.
**Optional Tools:**
* Intel® C++ Compiler (icc). For installation, additional libraries may be required.
See the icc Installation Guide found in the Documentation directory under the compiler installation.
* IBM® Advance ToolChain for Powerlinux. This is a set of open source development tools and runtime libraries
which allows users to take leading edge advantage of IBM's latest POWER hardware features on Linux. To install
it, see the IBM official installation document.
* libpcap headers and libraries (libpcap-devel) to compile and use the libpcap-based poll-mode driver.
This driver is disabled by default and can be enabled by setting ``CONFIG_RTE_LIBRTE_PMD_PCAP=y`` in the build time config file.
* libarchive headers and library are needed for some unit tests using tar to get their resources.
Running DPDK Applications
-------------------------
To run an DPDK application, some customization may be required on the target machine.
System Software
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
**Required:**
* Kernel version >= 2.6.34
The kernel version in use can be checked using the command::
uname -r
* glibc >= 2.7 (for features related to cpuset)
The version can be checked using the ``ldd --version`` command.
* Kernel configuration
In the Fedora OS and other common distributions, such as Ubuntu, or Red Hat Enterprise Linux,
the vendor supplied kernel configurations can be used to run most DPDK applications.
For other kernel builds, options which should be enabled for DPDK include:
* HUGETLBFS
* PROC_PAGE_MONITOR support
* HPET and HPET_MMAP configuration options should also be enabled if HPET support is required.
See the section on :ref:`High Precision Event Timer (HPET) Functionality <High_Precision_Event_Timer>` for more details.
.. _linux_gsg_hugepages:
Use of Hugepages in the Linux Environment
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Hugepage support is required for the large memory pool allocation used for packet buffers
(the HUGETLBFS option must be enabled in the running kernel as indicated the previous section).
By using hugepage allocations, performance is increased since fewer pages are needed,
and therefore less Translation Lookaside Buffers (TLBs, high speed translation caches),
which reduce the time it takes to translate a virtual page address to a physical page address.
Without hugepages, high TLB miss rates would occur with the standard 4k page size, slowing performance.
Reserving Hugepages for DPDK Use
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The allocation of hugepages should be done at boot time or as soon as possible after system boot
to prevent memory from being fragmented in physical memory.
To reserve hugepages at boot time, a parameter is passed to the Linux kernel on the kernel command line.
For 2 MB pages, just pass the hugepages option to the kernel. For example, to reserve 1024 pages of 2 MB, use::
hugepages=1024
For other hugepage sizes, for example 1G pages, the size must be specified explicitly and
can also be optionally set as the default hugepage size for the system.
For example, to reserve 4G of hugepage memory in the form of four 1G pages, the following options should be passed to the kernel::
default_hugepagesz=1G hugepagesz=1G hugepages=4
.. note::
The hugepage sizes that a CPU supports can be determined from the CPU flags on Intel architecture.
If pse exists, 2M hugepages are supported; if pdpe1gb exists, 1G hugepages are supported.
On IBM Power architecture, the supported hugepage sizes are 16MB and 16GB.
.. note::
For 64-bit applications, it is recommended to use 1 GB hugepages if the platform supports them.
In the case of a dual-socket NUMA system,
the number of hugepages reserved at boot time is generally divided equally between the two sockets
(on the assumption that sufficient memory is present on both sockets).
See the Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt file in your Linux source tree for further details of these and other kernel options.
**Alternative:**
For 2 MB pages, there is also the option of allocating hugepages after the system has booted.
This is done by echoing the number of hugepages required to a nr_hugepages file in the ``/sys/devices/`` directory.
For a single-node system, the command to use is as follows (assuming that 1024 pages are required)::
echo 1024 > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
On a NUMA machine, pages should be allocated explicitly on separate nodes::
echo 1024 > /sys/devices/system/node/node0/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
echo 1024 > /sys/devices/system/node/node1/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
.. note::
For 1G pages, it is not possible to reserve the hugepage memory after the system has booted.
On IBM POWER system, the nr_overcommit_hugepages should be set to the same value as nr_hugepages.
For example, if the required page number is 128, the following commands are used::
echo 128 > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-16384kB/nr_hugepages
echo 128 > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-16384kB/nr_overcommit_hugepages
Using Hugepages with the DPDK
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Once the hugepage memory is reserved, to make the memory available for DPDK use, perform the following steps::
mkdir /mnt/huge
mount -t hugetlbfs nodev /mnt/huge
The mount point can be made permanent across reboots, by adding the following line to the ``/etc/fstab`` file::
nodev /mnt/huge hugetlbfs defaults 0 0
For 1GB pages, the page size must be specified as a mount option::
nodev /mnt/huge_1GB hugetlbfs pagesize=1GB 0 0
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