aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/tools/dpdk_nic_bind.py
blob: 28eace33d7e01d0fe4e3946228b8acbb28254f95 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
#! /usr/bin/python
#
#   BSD LICENSE
#
#   Copyright(c) 2010-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
#   All rights reserved.
#
#   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
#   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
#   are met:
#
#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
#       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
#       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
#       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
#       distribution.
#     * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
#       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
#       from this software without specific prior written permission.
#
#   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
#   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
#   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
#   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
#   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
#   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
#   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
#   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
#   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
#   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
#   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#

import sys
import os
import getopt
import subprocess
from os.path import exists, abspath, dirname, basename

# The PCI device class for ETHERNET devices
ETHERNET_CLASS = "0200"

# global dict ethernet devices present. Dictionary indexed by PCI address.
# Each device within this is itself a dictionary of device properties
devices = {}
# list of supported DPDK drivers
dpdk_drivers = ["igb_uio", "vfio-pci", "uio_pci_generic"]

# command-line arg flags
b_flag = None
status_flag = False
force_flag = False
args = []


def usage():
    '''Print usage information for the program'''
    argv0 = basename(sys.argv[0])
    print("""
Usage:
------

     %(argv0)s [options] DEVICE1 DEVICE2 ....

where DEVICE1, DEVICE2 etc, are specified via PCI "domain:bus:slot.func" syntax
or "bus:slot.func" syntax. For devices bound to Linux kernel drivers, they may
also be referred to by Linux interface name e.g. eth0, eth1, em0, em1, etc.

Options:
    --help, --usage:
        Display usage information and quit

    -s, --status:
        Print the current status of all known network interfaces.
        For each device, it displays the PCI domain, bus, slot and function,
        along with a text description of the device. Depending upon whether the
        device is being used by a kernel driver, the igb_uio driver, or no
        driver, other relevant information will be displayed:
        * the Linux interface name e.g. if=eth0
        * the driver being used e.g. drv=igb_uio
        * any suitable drivers not currently using that device
            e.g. unused=igb_uio
        NOTE: if this flag is passed along with a bind/unbind option, the
        status display will always occur after the other operations have taken
        place.

    -b driver, --bind=driver:
        Select the driver to use or \"none\" to unbind the device

    -u, --unbind:
        Unbind a device (Equivalent to \"-b none\")

    --force:
        By default, devices which are used by Linux - as indicated by having
        routes in the routing table - cannot be modified. Using the --force
        flag overrides this behavior, allowing active links to be forcibly
        unbound.
        WARNING: This can lead to loss of network connection and should be used
        with caution.

Examples:
---------

To display current device status:
        %(argv0)s --status

To bind eth1 from the current driver and move to use igb_uio
        %(argv0)s --bind=igb_uio eth1

To unbind 0000:01:00.0 from using any driver
        %(argv0)s -u 0000:01:00.0

To bind 0000:02:00.0 and 0000:02:00.1 to the ixgbe kernel driver
        %(argv0)s -b ixgbe 02:00.0 02:00.1

    """ % locals())  # replace items from local variables


# This is roughly compatible with check_output function in subprocess module
# which is only available in python 2.7.
def check_output(args, stderr=None):
    '''Run a command and capture its output'''
    return subprocess.Popen(args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                            stderr=stderr).communicate()[0]


def find_module(mod):
    '''find the .ko file for kernel module named mod.
    Searches the $RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET directory, the kernel
    modules directory and finally under the parent directory of
    the script '''
    # check $RTE_SDK/$RTE_TARGET directory
    if 'RTE_SDK' in os.environ and 'RTE_TARGET' in os.environ:
        path = "%s/%s/kmod/%s.ko" % (os.environ['RTE_SDK'],
                                     os.environ['RTE_TARGET'], mod)
        if exists(path):
            return path

    # check using depmod
    try:
        depmod_out = check_output(["modinfo", "-n", mod],
                                  stderr=subprocess.STDOUT).lower()
        if "error" not in depmod_out:
            path = depmod_out.strip()
            if exists(path):
                return path
    except:  # if modinfo can't find module, it fails, so continue
        pass

    # check for a copy based off current path
    tools_dir = dirname(abspath(sys.argv[0]))
    if (tools_dir.endswith("tools")):
        base_dir = dirname(tools_dir)
        find_out = check_output(["find", base_dir, "-name", mod + ".ko"])
        if len(find_out) > 0:  # something matched
            path = find_out.splitlines()[0]
            if exists(path):
                return path


def check_modules():
    '''Checks that igb_uio is loaded'''
    global dpdk_drivers

    # list of supported modules
    mods = [{"Name": driver, "Found": False} for driver in dpdk_drivers]

    # first check if module is loaded
    try:
        # Get list of sysfs modules (both built-in and dynamically loaded)
        sysfs_path = '/sys/module/'

        # Get the list of directories in sysfs_path
        sysfs_mods = [os.path.join(sysfs_path, o) for o
                      in os.listdir(sysfs_path)
                      if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(sysfs_path, o))]

        # Extract the last element of '/sys/module/abc' in the array
        sysfs_mods = [a.split('/')[-1] for a in sysfs_mods]

        # special case for vfio_pci (module is named vfio-pci,
        # but its .ko is named vfio_pci)
        sysfs_mods = map(lambda a:
                         a if a != 'vfio_pci' else 'vfio-pci', sysfs_mods)

        for mod in mods:
            if mod["Name"] in sysfs_mods:
                mod["Found"] = True
    except:
        pass

    # check if we have at least one loaded module
    if True not in [mod["Found"] for mod in mods] and b_flag is not None:
        if b_flag in dpdk_drivers:
            print("Error - no supported modules(DPDK driver) are loaded")
            sys.exit(1)
        else:
            print("Warning - no supported modules(DPDK driver) are loaded")

    # change DPDK driver list to only contain drivers that are loaded
    dpdk_drivers = [mod["Name"] for mod in mods if mod["Found"]]


def has_driver(dev_id):
    '''return true if a device is assigned to a driver. False otherwise'''
    return "Driver_str" in devices[dev_id]


def get_pci_device_details(dev_id):
    '''This function gets additional details for a PCI device'''
    device = {}

    extra_info = check_output(["lspci", "-vmmks", dev_id]).splitlines()

    # parse lspci details
    for line in extra_info:
        if len(line) == 0:
            continue
        name, value = line.decode().split("\t", 1)
        name = name.strip(":") + "_str"
        device[name] = value
    # check for a unix interface name
    sys_path = "/sys/bus/pci/devices/%s/net/" % dev_id
    if exists(sys_path):
        device["Interface"] = ",".join(os.listdir(sys_path))
    else:
        device["Interface"] = ""
    # check if a port is used for ssh connection
    device["Ssh_if"] = False
    device["Active"] = ""

    return device


def get_nic_details():
    '''This function populates the "devices" dictionary. The keys used are
    the pci addresses (domain:bus:slot.func). The values are themselves
    dictionaries - one for each NIC.'''
    global devices
    global dpdk_drivers

    # clear any old data
    devices = {}
    # first loop through and read details for all devices
    # request machine readable format, with numeric IDs
    dev = {}
    dev_lines = check_output(["lspci", "-Dvmmn"]).splitlines()
    for dev_line in dev_lines:
        if (len(dev_line) == 0):
            if dev["Class"] == ETHERNET_CLASS:
                # convert device and vendor ids to numbers, then add to global
                dev["Vendor"] = int(dev["Vendor"], 16)
                dev["Device"] = int(dev["Device"], 16)
                # use dict to make copy of dev
                devices[dev["Slot"]] = dict(dev)
        else:
            name, value = dev_line.decode().split("\t", 1)
            dev[name.rstrip(":")] = value

    # check what is the interface if any for an ssh connection if
    # any to this host, so we can mark it later.
    ssh_if = []
    route = check_output(["ip", "-o", "route"])
    # filter out all lines for 169.254 routes
    route = "\n".join(filter(lambda ln: not ln.startswith("169.254"),
                             route.decode().splitlines()))
    rt_info = route.split()
    for i in range(len(rt_info) - 1):
        if rt_info[i] == "dev":
            ssh_if.append(rt_info[i+1])

    # based on the basic info, get extended text details
    for d in devices.keys():
        # get additional info and add it to existing data
        devices[d] = devices[d].copy()
        devices[d].update(get_pci_device_details(d).items())

        for _if in ssh_if:
            if _if in devices[d]["Interface"].split(","):
                devices[d]["Ssh_if"] = True
                devices[d]["Active"] = "*Active*"
                break

        # add igb_uio to list of supporting modules if needed
        if "Module_str" in devices[d]:
            for driver in dpdk_drivers:
                if driver not in devices[d]["Module_str"]:
                    devices[d]["Module_str"] = \
                        devices[d]["Module_str"] + ",%s" % driver
        else:
            devices[d]["Module_str"] = ",".join(dpdk_drivers)

        # make sure the driver and module strings do not have any duplicates
        if has_driver(d):
            modules = devices[d]["Module_str"].split(",")
            if devices[d]["Driver_str"] in modules:
                modules.remove(devices[d]["Driver_str"])
                devices[d]["Module_str"] = ",".join(modules)


def dev_id_from_dev_name(dev_name):
    '''Take a device "name" - a string passed in by user to identify a NIC
    device, and determine the device id - i.e. the domain:bus:slot.func - for
    it, which can then be used to index into the devices array'''

    # check if it's already a suitable index
    if dev_name in devices:
        return dev_name
    # check if it's an index just missing the domain part
    elif "0000:" + dev_name in devices:
        return "0000:" + dev_name
    else:
        # check if it's an interface name, e.g. eth1
        for d in devices.keys():
            if dev_name in devices[d]["Interface"].split(","):
                return devices[d]["Slot"]
    # if nothing else matches - error
    print("Unknown device: %s. "
          "Please specify device in \"bus:slot.func\" format" % dev_name)
    sys.exit(1)


def unbind_one(dev_id, force):
    '''Unbind the device identified by "dev_id" from its current driver'''
    dev = devices[dev_id]
    if not has_driver(dev_id):
        print("%s %s %s is not currently managed by any driver\n" %
              (dev["Slot"], dev["Device_str"], dev["Interface"]))
        return

    # prevent us disconnecting ourselves
    if dev["Ssh_if"] and not force:
        print("Routing table indicates that interface %s is active. "
              "Skipping unbind" % (dev_id))
        return

    # write to /sys to unbind
    filename = "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/%s/unbind" % dev["Driver_str"]
    try:
        f = open(filename, "a")
    except:
        print("Error: unbind failed for %s - Cannot open %s"
              % (dev_id, filename))
        sys.exit(1)
    f.write(dev_id)
    f.close()


def bind_one(dev_id, driver, force):
    '''Bind the device given by "dev_id" to the driver "driver". If the device
    is already bound to a different driver, it will be unbound first'''
    dev = devices[dev_id]
    saved_driver = None  # used to rollback any unbind in case of failure

    # prevent disconnection of our ssh session
    if dev["Ssh_if"] and not force:
        print("Routing table indicates that interface %s is active. "
              "Not modifying" % (dev_id))
        return

    # unbind any existing drivers we don't want
    if has_driver(dev_id):
        if dev["Driver_str"] == driver:
            print("%s already bound to driver %s, skipping\n"
                  % (dev_id, driver))
            return
        else:
            saved_driver = dev["Driver_str"]
            unbind_one(dev_id, force)
            dev["Driver_str"] = ""  # clear driver string

    # if we are binding to one of DPDK drivers, add PCI id's to that driver
    if driver in dpdk_drivers:
        filename = "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/%s/new_id" % driver
        try:
            f = open(filename, "w")
        except:
            print("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot open %s"
                  % (dev_id, filename))
            return
        try:
            f.write("%04x %04x" % (dev["Vendor"], dev["Device"]))
            f.close()
        except:
            print("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot write new PCI ID to "
                  "driver %s" % (dev_id, driver))
            return

    # do the bind by writing to /sys
    filename = "/sys/bus/pci/drivers/%s/bind" % driver
    try:
        f = open(filename, "a")
    except:
        print("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot open %s"
              % (dev_id, filename))
        if saved_driver is not None:  # restore any previous driver
            bind_one(dev_id, saved_driver, force)
        return
    try:
        f.write(dev_id)
        f.close()
    except:
        # for some reason, closing dev_id after adding a new PCI ID to new_id
        # results in IOError. however, if the device was successfully bound,
        # we don't care for any errors and can safely ignore IOError
        tmp = get_pci_device_details(dev_id)
        if "Driver_str" in tmp and tmp["Driver_str"] == driver:
            return
        print("Error: bind failed for %s - Cannot bind to driver %s"
              % (dev_id, driver))
        if saved_driver is not None:  # restore any previous driver
            bind_one(dev_id, saved_driver, force)
        return


def unbind_all(dev_list, force=False):
    """Unbind method, takes a list of device locations"""
    dev_list = map(dev_id_from_dev_name, dev_list)
    for d in dev_list:
        unbind_one(d, force)


def bind_all(dev_list, driver, force=False):
    """Bind method, takes a list of device locations"""
    global devices

    dev_list = map(dev_id_from_dev_name, dev_list)

    for d in dev_list:
        bind_one(d, driver, force)

    # when binding devices to a generic driver (i.e. one that doesn't have a
    # PCI ID table), some devices that are not bound to any other driver could
    # be bound even if no one has asked them to. hence, we check the list of
    # drivers again, and see if some of the previously-unbound devices were
    # erroneously bound.
    for d in devices.keys():
        # skip devices that were already bound or that we know should be bound
        if "Driver_str" in devices[d] or d in dev_list:
            continue

        # update information about this device
        devices[d] = dict(devices[d].items() +
                          get_pci_device_details(d).items())

        # check if updated information indicates that the device was bound
        if "Driver_str" in devices[d]:
            unbind_one(d, force)


def display_devices(title, dev_list, extra_params=None):
    '''Displays to the user the details of a list of devices given in
    "dev_list". The "extra_params" parameter, if given, should contain a string
     with %()s fields in it for replacement by the named fields in each
     device's dictionary.'''
    strings = []  # this holds the strings to print. We sort before printing
    print("\n%s" % title)
    print("="*len(title))
    if len(dev_list) == 0:
        strings.append("<none>")
    else:
        for dev in dev_list:
            if extra_params is not None:
                strings.append("%s '%s' %s" % (dev["Slot"],
                               dev["Device_str"], extra_params % dev))
            else:
                strings.append("%s '%s'" % (dev["Slot"], dev["Device_str"]))
    # sort before printing, so that the entries appear in PCI order
    strings.sort()
    print("\n".join(strings))  # print one per line


def show_status():
    '''Function called when the script is passed the "--status" option.
    Displays to the user what devices are bound to the igb_uio driver, the
    kernel driver or to no driver'''
    global dpdk_drivers
    kernel_drv = []
    dpdk_drv = []
    no_drv = []

    # split our list of devices into the three categories above
    for d in devices.keys():
        if not has_driver(d):
            no_drv.append(devices[d])
            continue
        if devices[d]["Driver_str"] in dpdk_drivers:
            dpdk_drv.append(devices[d])
        else:
            kernel_drv.append(devices[d])

    # print each category separately, so we can clearly see what's used by DPDK
    display_devices("Network devices using DPDK-compatible driver", dpdk_drv,
                    "drv=%(Driver_str)s unused=%(Module_str)s")
    display_devices("Network devices using kernel driver", kernel_drv,
                    "if=%(Interface)s drv=%(Driver_str)s "
                    "unused=%(Module_str)s %(Active)s")
    display_devices("Other network devices", no_drv, "unused=%(Module_str)s")


def parse_args():
    '''Parses the command-line arguments given by the user and takes the
    appropriate action for each'''
    global b_flag
    global status_flag
    global force_flag
    global args
    if len(sys.argv) <= 1:
        usage()
        sys.exit(0)

    try:
        opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "b:us",
                                   ["help", "usage", "status", "force",
                                    "bind=", "unbind"])
    except getopt.GetoptError as error:
        print(str(error))
        print("Run '%s --usage' for further information" % sys.argv[0])
        sys.exit(1)

    for opt, arg in opts:
        if opt == "--help" or opt == "--usage":
            usage()
            sys.exit(0)
        if opt == "--status" or opt == "-s":
            status_flag = True
        if opt == "--force":
            force_flag = True
        if opt == "-b" or opt == "-u" or opt == "--bind" or opt == "--unbind":
            if b_flag is not None:
                print("Error - Only one bind or unbind may be specified\n")
                sys.exit(1)
            if opt == "-u" or opt == "--unbind":
                b_flag = "none"
            else:
                b_flag = arg


def do_arg_actions():
    '''do the actual action requested by the user'''
    global b_flag
    global status_flag
    global force_flag
    global args

    if b_flag is None and not status_flag:
        print("Error: No action specified for devices."
              "Please give a -b or -u option")
        print("Run '%s --usage' for further information" % sys.argv[0])
        sys.exit(1)

    if b_flag is not None and len(args) == 0:
        print("Error: No devices specified.")
        print("Run '%s --usage' for further information" % sys.argv[0])
        sys.exit(1)

    if b_flag == "none" or b_flag == "None":
        unbind_all(args, force_flag)
    elif b_flag is not None:
        bind_all(args, b_flag, force_flag)
    if status_flag:
        if b_flag is not None:
            get_nic_details()  # refresh if we have changed anything
        show_status()


def main():
    '''program main function'''
    parse_args()
    check_modules()
    get_nic_details()
    do_arg_actions()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()