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+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 Cisco and/or its affiliates.
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @file parc_Stopwatch.h
+ * @ingroup developer
+ * @brief Measure elapsed time
+ *
+ * A `PARCStopwatch` measures the time elapsed between the invocation of `parcStopwatch_Start()`
+ * and a subsequent invocation of one of the `parcStopwatch_ElapsedTime` functions.
+ * The `parcStopwatch_Start()` function may be called for a stopwatch effectively resetting the stopwatch to a new starting time.
+ *
+ */
+#ifndef PARCLibrary_parc_Stopwatch
+#define PARCLibrary_parc_Stopwatch
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+#include <parc/algol/parc_JSON.h>
+#include <parc/algol/parc_HashCode.h>
+
+struct PARCStopwatch;
+typedef struct PARCStopwatch PARCStopwatch;
+
+/**
+ * Increase the number of references to a `PARCStopwatch` instance.
+ *
+ * Note that new `PARCStopwatch` is not created,
+ * only that the given `PARCStopwatch` reference count is incremented.
+ * Discard the reference by invoking `parcStopwatch_Release`.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return The same value as @p instance.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * PARCStopwatch *b = parcStopwatch_Acquire();
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&a);
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&b);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+PARCStopwatch *parcStopwatch_Acquire(const PARCStopwatch *stopwatch);
+
+#ifdef PARCLibrary_DISABLE_VALIDATION
+# define parcStopwatch_OptionalAssertValid(_instance_)
+#else
+# define parcStopwatch_OptionalAssertValid(_instance_) parcStopwatch_AssertValid(_instance_)
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Assert that the given `PARCStopwatch` instance is valid.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_AssertValid(a);
+ *
+ * printf("Instance is valid.\n");
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&b);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void parcStopwatch_AssertValid(const PARCStopwatch *stopwatch);
+
+/**
+ * Create an instance of PARCStopwatch
+ *
+ * @return non-NULL A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ * @return NULL An error occurred.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&a);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+PARCStopwatch *parcStopwatch_Create(void);
+
+/**
+ * Compares @p instance with @p other for order.
+ *
+ * Returns a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer as @p instance
+ * is less than, equal to, or greater than @p other.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ * @param [in] other A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return <0 Instance is less than @p other.
+ * @return 0 Instance a and instance b compare the same.
+ * @return >0 Instance a is greater than instance b.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ * PARCStopwatch *b = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * if (parcStopwatch_Compare(a, b) == 0) {
+ * printf("Instances are equal.\n");
+ * }
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&a);
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&b);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ *
+ * @see parcStopwatch_Equals
+ */
+int parcStopwatch_Compare(const PARCStopwatch *stopwatch, const PARCStopwatch *other);
+
+/**
+ * Create an independent copy the given `PARCBuffer`
+ *
+ * A new buffer is created as a complete copy of the original.
+ *
+ * @param [in] original A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return NULL Memory could not be allocated.
+ * @return non-NULL A pointer to a new `PARCStopwatch` instance.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * PARCStopwatch *copy = parcStopwatch_Copy(&b);
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&b);
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&copy);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+PARCStopwatch *parcStopwatch_Copy(const PARCStopwatch *original);
+
+/**
+ * Print a human readable representation of the given `PARCStopwatch`.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ * @param [in] indentation The indentation level to use for printing.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Display(a, 0);
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&a);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void parcStopwatch_Display(const PARCStopwatch *stopwatch, int indentation);
+
+/**
+ * Determine if two `PARCStopwatch` instances are equal.
+ *
+ * The following equivalence relations on non-null `PARCStopwatch` instances are maintained: *
+ * * It is reflexive: for any non-null reference value x, `parcStopwatch_Equals(x, x)` must return true.
+ *
+ * * It is symmetric: for any non-null reference values x and y, `parcStopwatch_Equals(x, y)` must return true if and only if
+ * `parcStopwatch_Equals(y x)` returns true.
+ *
+ * * It is transitive: for any non-null reference values x, y, and z, if
+ * `parcStopwatch_Equals(x, y)` returns true and
+ * `parcStopwatch_Equals(y, z)` returns true,
+ * then `parcStopwatch_Equals(x, z)` must return true.
+ *
+ * * It is consistent: for any non-null reference values x and y, multiple invocations of `parcStopwatch_Equals(x, y)`
+ * consistently return true or consistently return false.
+ *
+ * * For any non-null reference value x, `parcStopwatch_Equals(x, NULL)` must return false.
+ *
+ * @param [in] x A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ * @param [in] y A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return true The instances x and y are equal.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ * PARCStopwatch *b = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * if (parcStopwatch_Equals(a, b)) {
+ * printf("Instances are equal.\n");
+ * }
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&a);
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&b);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ * @see parcStopwatch_HashCode
+ */
+bool parcStopwatch_Equals(const PARCStopwatch *x, const PARCStopwatch *y);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a hash code value for the given instance.
+ *
+ * The general contract of `HashCode` is:
+ *
+ * Whenever it is invoked on the same instance more than once during an execution of an application,
+ * the `HashCode` function must consistently return the same value,
+ * provided no information used in a corresponding comparisons on the instance is modified.
+ *
+ * This value need not remain consistent from one execution of an application to another execution of the same application.
+ * If two instances are equal according to the {@link parcStopwatch_Equals} method,
+ * then calling the {@link parcStopwatch_HashCode} method on each of the two instances must produce the same integer result.
+ *
+ * It is not required that if two instances are unequal according to the
+ * {@link parcStopwatch_Equals} function,
+ * then calling the `parcStopwatch_HashCode`
+ * method on each of the two objects must produce distinct integer results.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return The hashcode for the given instance.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * PARCHashCode hashValue = parcStopwatch_HashCode(buffer);
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&a);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+PARCHashCode parcStopwatch_HashCode(const PARCStopwatch *stopwatch);
+
+/**
+ * Determine if an instance of `PARCStopwatch` is valid.
+ *
+ * Valid means the internal state of the type is consistent with its required current or future behaviour.
+ * This may include the validation of internal instances of types.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return true The instance is valid.
+ * @return false The instance is not valid.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * if (parcStopwatch_IsValid(a)) {
+ * printf("Instance is valid.\n");
+ * }
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&a);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ *
+ */
+bool parcStopwatch_IsValid(const PARCStopwatch *stopwatch);
+
+/**
+ * Release a previously acquired reference to the given `PARCStopwatch` instance,
+ * decrementing the reference count for the instance.
+ *
+ * The pointer to the instance is set to NULL as a side-effect of this function.
+ *
+ * If the invocation causes the last reference to the instance to be released,
+ * the instance is deallocated and the instance's implementation will perform
+ * additional cleanup and release other privately held references.
+ *
+ * @param [in,out] instancePtr A pointer to a pointer to the instance to release.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&a);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void parcStopwatch_Release(PARCStopwatch **instancePtr);
+
+/**
+ * Create a `PARCJSON` instance (representation) of the given object.
+ *
+ * @param [in] instance A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return NULL Memory could not be allocated to contain the `PARCJSON` instance.
+ * @return non-NULL An allocated C string that must be deallocated via parcMemory_Deallocate().
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * PARCJSON *json = parcStopwatch_ToJSON(a);
+ *
+ * printf("JSON representation: %s\n", parcJSON_ToString(json));
+ * parcJSON_Release(&json);
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&a);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+PARCJSON *parcStopwatch_ToJSON(const PARCStopwatch *stopwatch);
+
+/**
+ * Produce a null-terminated string representation of the specified `PARCStopwatch`.
+ *
+ * The result must be freed by the caller via {@link parcMemory_Deallocate}.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return NULL Cannot allocate memory.
+ * @return non-NULL A pointer to an allocated, null-terminated C string that must be deallocated via {@link parcMemory_Deallocate}.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *a = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * char *string = parcStopwatch_ToString(a);
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Release(&a);
+ *
+ * parcMemory_Deallocate(&string);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ *
+ * @see parcStopwatch_Display
+ */
+char *parcStopwatch_ToString(const PARCStopwatch *stopwatch);
+
+/**
+ * Start one or more PARCStopwatch instances.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ * @param [in] ... A variable argument list consisting of pointers to valid PARCStopwatch instances.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *A = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ * PARCStopwatch *B = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ * PARCStopwatch *C = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ *
+ * parcStopwatch_Start(A, B, C);
+ *
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+#define parcStopwatch_Start(...) parcStopwatch_StartImpl(__VA_ARGS__, NULL)
+
+/**
+ * Start one or more PARCStopwatch instances.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ * @param [in] ... A NULL termianted argument list consisting of pointers to valid PARCStopwatch instances.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * PARCStopwatch *stopWatch = parcStopwatch_Create();
+ * parcStopwatch_StartImpl(stopWatch, NULL);
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void parcStopwatch_StartImpl(PARCStopwatch *stopwatch, ...);
+
+/**
+ * Get the number of nanoseconds between the time the PARCStopwatch was started and the time of this function call.
+ *
+ * The accuracy is dependant upon the operating environment's time resolution.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return The difference between the start and stop times nanoseconds.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * <#example#>
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+uint64_t parcStopwatch_ElapsedTimeNanos(PARCStopwatch *stopwatch);
+
+/**
+ * Get the number of microseconds between the time the PARCStopwatch was started and the time of this function call.
+ *
+ * The accuracy is dependant upon the operating environment's time resolution.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return The difference between the start and stop times in microseconds.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * <#example#>
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+uint64_t parcStopwatch_ElapsedTimeMicros(PARCStopwatch *stopwatch);
+
+/**
+ * Get the number of milliseconds between the time the PARCStopwatch was started and the time of this function call.
+ *
+ * The accuracy is dependant upon the operating environment's time resolution.
+ *
+ * @param [in] stopwatch A pointer to a valid PARCStopwatch instance.
+ *
+ * @return The difference between the start and stop times in milliseconds.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * @code
+ * {
+ * <#example#>
+ * }
+ * @endcode
+ */
+uint64_t parcStopwatch_ElapsedTimeMillis(PARCStopwatch *stopwatch);
+#endif