path: root/resources/libraries/python/IPsecUtil.py

# Copyright (c) 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates.
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at:
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""IPsec utilities library."""

import os

from enum import Enum, IntEnum
from io import open
from random import choice
from string import ascii_letters

from ipaddress import ip_network, ip_address

from resources.libraries.python.InterfaceUtil import InterfaceUtil, \
    InterfaceStatusFlags
from resources.libraries.python.IPAddress import IPAddress
from resources.libraries.python.IPUtil import IPUtil
from resources.libraries.python.PapiExecutor import PapiSocketExecutor
from resources.libraries.python.ssh import scp_node
from resources.libraries.python.topology import Topology
from resources.libraries.python.VatExecutor import VatExecutor


def gen_key(length):
    """Generate random string as a key.

    :param length: Length of generated payload.
    :type length: int
    :returns: The generated payload.
    :rtype: bytes
    """
    return u"".join(
        choice(ascii_letters) for _ in range(length)
    ).encode(encoding=u"utf-8")


class PolicyAction(Enum):
    """Policy actions."""
    BYPASS = (u"bypass", 0)
    DISCARD = (u"discard", 1)
    PROTECT = (u"protect", 3)

    def __init__(self, policy_name, policy_int_repr):
        self.policy_name = policy_name
        self.policy_int_repr = policy_int_repr


class CryptoAlg(Enum):
    """Encryption algorithms."""
    AES_CBC_128 = (u"aes-cbc-128", 1, u"AES-CBC", 16)
    AES_CBC_256 = (u"aes-cbc-256", 3, u"AES-CBC", 32)
    AES_GCM_128 = (u"aes-gcm-128", 7, u"AES-GCM", 16)
    AES_GCM_256 = (u"aes-gcm-256", 9, u"AES-GCM", 32)

    def __init__(self, alg_name, alg_int_repr, scapy_name, key_len):
        self.alg_name = alg_name
        self.alg_int_repr = alg_int_repr
        self.scapy_name = scapy_name
        self.key_len = key_len


class IntegAlg(Enum):
    """Integrity algorithm."""
    SHA_256_128 = (u"sha-256-128", 4, u"SHA2-256-128", 32)
    SHA_512_256 = (u"sha-512-256", 6, u"SHA2-512-256", 64)

    def __init__(self, alg_name, alg_int_repr, scapy_name, key_len):
        self.alg_name = alg_name
        self.alg_int_repr = alg_int_repr
        self.scapy_name = scapy_name
        self.key_len = key_len


class IPsecProto(IntEnum):
    """IPsec protocol."""
    IPSEC_API_PROTO_ESP = 50
    IPSEC_API_PROTO_AH = 51


class IPsecSadFlags(IntEnum):
    """IPsec Security Association Database flags."""
    IPSEC_API_SAD_FLAG_NONE = 0
    IPSEC_API_SAD_FLAG_IS_TUNNEL = 4
    IPSEC_API_SAD_FLAG_IS_TUNNEL_V6 = 8


class IPsecUtil:
    """IPsec utilities."""

    @staticmethod
    def policy_action_bypass():
        """Return policy action bypass.

        :returns: PolicyAction enum BYPASS object.
        :rtype: PolicyAction
        """
        return PolicyAction.BYPASS

    @staticmethod
    def policy_action_discard():
        """Return policy action discard.

        :returns: PolicyAction enum DISCARD object.
        :rtype: PolicyAction
        """
        return PolicyAction.DISCARD

    @staticmethod
    def policy_action_protect():
        """Return policy action protect.

        :returns: PolicyAction enum PROTECT object.
        :rtype: PolicyAction
        """
        return PolicyAction.PROTECT

    @staticmethod
    def crypto_alg_aes_cbc_128():
        """Return encryption algorithm aes-cbc-128.

        :returns: CryptoAlg enum AES_CBC_128 object.
        :rtype: CryptoAlg
        """
        return CryptoAlg.AES_CBC_128

    @staticmethod
    def crypto_alg_aes_cbc_256():
        """Return encryption algorithm aes-cbc-256.

        :returns: CryptoAlg enum AES_CBC_256 object.
        :rtype: CryptoAlg
        """
        return CryptoAlg.AES_CBC_256

    @staticmethod
    def crypto_alg_aes_gcm_128():
        """Return encryption algorithm aes-gcm-128.

        :returns: CryptoAlg enum AES_GCM_128 object.
        :rtype: CryptoAlg
        """
        return CryptoAlg.AES_GCM_128

    @staticmethod
    def crypto_alg_aes_gcm_256():
        """Return encryption algorithm aes-gcm-256.

        :returns: CryptoAlg enum AES_GCM_128 object.
        :rtype: CryptoAlg
        """
        return CryptoAlg.AES_GCM_256

    @staticmethod
    def get_crypto_alg_key_len(crypto_alg):
        """Return encryption algorithm key length.

        :param crypto_alg: Encryption algorithm.
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :returns: Key length.
        :rtype: int
        """
        return crypto_alg.key_len

    @staticmethod
    def get_crypto_alg_scapy_name(crypto_alg):
        """Return encryption algorithm scapy name.

        :param crypto_alg: Encryption algorithm.
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :returns: Algorithm scapy name.
        :rtype: str
        """
        return crypto_alg.scapy_name

    @staticmethod
    def integ_alg_sha_256_128():
        """Return integrity algorithm SHA-256-128.

        :returns: IntegAlg enum SHA_256_128 object.
        :rtype: IntegAlg
        """
        return IntegAlg.SHA_256_128

    @staticmethod
    def integ_alg_sha_512_256():
        """Return integrity algorithm SHA-512-256.

        :returns: IntegAlg enum SHA_512_256 object.
        :rtype: IntegAlg
        """
        return IntegAlg.SHA_512_256

    @staticmethod
    def get_integ_alg_key_len(integ_alg):
        """Return integrity algorithm key length.

        :param integ_alg: Integrity algorithm.
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :returns: Key length.
        :rtype: int
        """
        return integ_alg.key_len

    @staticmethod
    def get_integ_alg_scapy_name(integ_alg):
        """Return integrity algorithm scapy name.

        :param integ_alg: Integrity algorithm.
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :returns: Algorithm scapy name.
        :rtype: str
        """
        return integ_alg.scapy_name

    @staticmethod
    def ipsec_proto_esp():
        """Return IPSec protocol ESP.

        :returns: IPsecProto enum ESP object.
        :rtype: IPsecProto
        """
        return int(IPsecProto.IPSEC_API_PROTO_ESP)

    @staticmethod
    def ipsec_proto_ah():
        """Return IPSec protocol AH.

        :returns: IPsecProto enum AH object.
        :rtype: IPsecProto
        """
        return int(IPsecProto.IPSEC_API_PROTO_AH)

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_select_backend(node, protocol, index=1):
        """Select IPsec backend.

        :param node: VPP node to select IPsec backend on.
        :param protocol: IPsec protocol.
        :param index: Backend index.
        :type node: dict
        :type protocol: IPsecProto
        :type index: int
        :raises RuntimeError: If failed to select IPsec backend or if no API
            reply received.
        """
        cmd = u"ipsec_select_backend"
        err_msg = f"Failed to select IPsec backend on host {node[u'host']}"
        args = dict(
            protocol=protocol,
            index=index
        )
        with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
            papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_add_sad_entry(
            node, sad_id, spi, crypto_alg, crypto_key, integ_alg=None,
            integ_key=u"", tunnel_src=None, tunnel_dst=None):
        """Create Security Association Database entry on the VPP node.

        :param node: VPP node to add SAD entry on.
        :param sad_id: SAD entry ID.
        :param spi: Security Parameter Index of this SAD entry.
        :param crypto_alg: The encryption algorithm name.
        :param crypto_key: The encryption key string.
        :param integ_alg: The integrity algorithm name.
        :param integ_key: The integrity key string.
        :param tunnel_src: Tunnel header source IPv4 or IPv6 address. If not
            specified ESP transport mode is used.
        :param tunnel_dst: Tunnel header destination IPv4 or IPv6 address. If
            not specified ESP transport mode is used.
        :type node: dict
        :type sad_id: int
        :type spi: int
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :type crypto_key: str
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :type integ_key: str
        :type tunnel_src: str
        :type tunnel_dst: str
        """
        if isinstance(crypto_key, str):
            crypto_key = crypto_key.encode(encoding=u"utf-8")
        if isinstance(integ_key, str):
            integ_key = integ_key.encode(encoding=u"utf-8")
        ckey = dict(
            length=len(crypto_key),
            data=crypto_key
        )
        ikey = dict(
            length=len(integ_key),
            data=integ_key if integ_key else 0
        )

        flags = int(IPsecSadFlags.IPSEC_API_SAD_FLAG_NONE)
        if tunnel_src and tunnel_dst:
            flags = flags | int(IPsecSadFlags.IPSEC_API_SAD_FLAG_IS_TUNNEL)
            src_addr = ip_address(tunnel_src)
            dst_addr = ip_address(tunnel_dst)
            if src_addr.version == 6:
                flags = \
                    flags | int(IPsecSadFlags.IPSEC_API_SAD_FLAG_IS_TUNNEL_V6)
        else:
            src_addr = u""
            dst_addr = u""

        cmd = u"ipsec_sad_entry_add_del"
        err_msg = f"Failed to add Security Association Database entry " \
            f"on host {node[u'host']}"
        sad_entry = dict(
            sad_id=int(sad_id),
            spi=int(spi),
            crypto_algorithm=crypto_alg.alg_int_repr,
            crypto_key=ckey,
            integrity_algorithm=integ_alg.alg_int_repr if integ_alg else 0,
            integrity_key=ikey,
            flags=flags,
            tunnel_src=str(src_addr),
            tunnel_dst=str(dst_addr),
            protocol=int(IPsecProto.IPSEC_API_PROTO_ESP)
        )
        args = dict(
            is_add=True,
            entry=sad_entry
        )
        with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
            papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_add_sad_entries(
            node, n_entries, sad_id, spi, crypto_alg, crypto_key,
            integ_alg=None, integ_key=u"", tunnel_src=None, tunnel_dst=None):
        """Create multiple Security Association Database entries on VPP node.

        :param node: VPP node to add SAD entry on.
        :param n_entries: Number of SAD entries to be created.
        :param sad_id: First SAD entry ID. All subsequent SAD entries will have
            id incremented by 1.
        :param spi: Security Parameter Index of first SAD entry. All subsequent
            SAD entries will have spi incremented by 1.
        :param crypto_alg: The encryption algorithm name.
        :param crypto_key: The encryption key string.
        :param integ_alg: The integrity algorithm name.
        :param integ_key: The integrity key string.
        :param tunnel_src: Tunnel header source IPv4 or IPv6 address. If not
            specified ESP transport mode is used.
        :param tunnel_dst: Tunnel header destination IPv4 or IPv6 address. If
            not specified ESP transport mode is used.
        :type node: dict
        :type n_entries: int
        :type sad_id: int
        :type spi: int
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :type crypto_key: str
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :type integ_key: str
        :type tunnel_src: str
        :type tunnel_dst: str
        """
        if isinstance(crypto_key, str):
            crypto_key = crypto_key.encode(encoding=u"utf-8")
        if isinstance(integ_key, str):
            integ_key = integ_key.encode(encoding=u"utf-8")
        if tunnel_src and tunnel_dst:
            src_addr = ip_address(tunnel_src)
            dst_addr = ip_address(tunnel_dst)
        else:
            src_addr = u""
            dst_addr = u""

        addr_incr = 1 << (128 - 96) if src_addr.version == 6 \
            else 1 << (32 - 24)

        if int(n_entries) > 10:
            tmp_filename = f"/tmp/ipsec_sad_{sad_id}_add_del_entry.script"

            with open(tmp_filename, 'w') as tmp_file:
                for i in range(n_entries):
                    integ = f"integ-alg {integ_alg.alg_name} " \
                        f"integ-key {integ_key.hex()}" \
                        if integ_alg else u""
                    tunnel = f"tunnel-src {src_addr + i * addr_incr} " \
                        f"tunnel-dst {dst_addr + i * addr_incr}" \
                        if tunnel_src and tunnel_dst else u""
                    conf = f"exec ipsec sa add {sad_id + i} esp spi {spi + i} "\
                        f"crypto-alg {crypto_alg.alg_name} " \
                        f"crypto-key {crypto_key.hex()} " \
                        f"{integ} {tunnel}\n"
                    tmp_file.write(conf)
            vat = VatExecutor()
            vat.execute_script(
                tmp_filename, node, timeout=300, json_out=False,
                copy_on_execute=True
            )
            os.remove(tmp_filename)
            return

        ckey = dict(
            length=len(crypto_key),
            data=crypto_key
        )
        ikey = dict(
            length=len(integ_key),
            data=integ_key if integ_key else 0
        )

        flags = int(IPsecSadFlags.IPSEC_API_SAD_FLAG_NONE)
        if tunnel_src and tunnel_dst:
            flags = flags | int(IPsecSadFlags.IPSEC_API_SAD_FLAG_IS_TUNNEL)
            if src_addr.version == 6:
                flags = flags | int(
                    IPsecSadFlags.IPSEC_API_SAD_FLAG_IS_TUNNEL_V6
                )

        cmd = u"ipsec_sad_entry_add_del"
        err_msg = f"Failed to add Security Association Database entry " \
            f"on host {node[u'host']}"

        sad_entry = dict(
            sad_id=int(sad_id),
            spi=int(spi),
            crypto_algorithm=crypto_alg.alg_int_repr,
            crypto_key=ckey,
            integrity_algorithm=integ_alg.alg_int_repr if integ_alg else 0,
            integrity_key=ikey,
            flags=flags,
            tunnel_src=str(src_addr),
            tunnel_dst=str(dst_addr),
            protocol=int(IPsecProto.IPSEC_API_PROTO_ESP)
        )
        args = dict(
            is_add=True,
            entry=sad_entry
        )
        with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
            for i in range(n_entries):
                args[u"entry"][u"sad_id"] = int(sad_id) + i
                args[u"entry"][u"spi"] = int(spi) + i
                args[u"entry"][u"tunnel_src"] = str(src_addr + i * addr_incr) \
                    if tunnel_src and tunnel_dst else src_addr
                args[u"entry"][u"tunnel_dst"] = str(dst_addr + i * addr_incr) \
                    if tunnel_src and tunnel_dst else dst_addr
                history = bool(not 1 < i < n_entries - 2)
                papi_exec.add(cmd, history=history, **args)
            papi_exec.get_replies(err_msg)

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_set_ip_route(
            node, n_tunnels, tunnel_src, traffic_addr, tunnel_dst, interface,
            raddr_range):
        """Set IP address and route on interface.

        :param node: VPP node to add config on.
        :param n_tunnels: Number of tunnels to create.
        :param tunnel_src: Tunnel header source IPv4 or IPv6 address.
        :param traffic_addr: Traffic destination IP address to route.
        :param tunnel_dst: Tunnel header destination IPv4 or IPv6 address.
        :param interface: Interface key on node 1.
        :param raddr_range: Mask specifying range of Policy selector Remote IP
            addresses. Valid values are from 1 to 32 in case of IPv4 and to 128
            in case of IPv6.
        :type node: dict
        :type n_tunnels: int
        :type tunnel_src: str
        :type traffic_addr: str
        :type tunnel_dst: str
        :type interface: str
        :type raddr_range: int
        """
        tunnel_src = ip_address(tunnel_src)
        tunnel_dst = ip_address(tunnel_dst)
        traffic_addr = ip_address(traffic_addr)
        addr_incr = 1 << (128 - raddr_range) if tunnel_src.version == 6 \
            else 1 << (32 - raddr_range)

        if int(n_tunnels) > 10:
            tmp_filename = u"/tmp/ipsec_set_ip.script"

            with open(tmp_filename, 'w') as tmp_file:
                if_name = Topology.get_interface_name(node, interface)
                for i in range(n_tunnels):
                    conf = f"exec set interface ip address {if_name} " \
                        f"{tunnel_src + i * addr_incr}/{raddr_range}\n" \
                        f"exec ip route add {traffic_addr + i}/" \
                        f"{128 if traffic_addr.version == 6 else 32} " \
                        f"via {tunnel_dst + i * addr_incr} {if_name}\n"
                    tmp_file.write(conf)
            VatExecutor().execute_script(
                tmp_filename, node, timeout=300, json_out=False,
                copy_on_execute=True
            )
            os.remove(tmp_filename)
            return

        cmd1 = u"sw_interface_add_del_address"
        args1 = dict(
            sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(node, interface),
            is_add=True,
            del_all=False,
            prefix=None
        )
        cmd2 = u"ip_route_add_del"
        args2 = dict(
            is_add=1,
            is_multipath=0,
            route=None
        )
        err_msg = f"Failed to configure IP addresses and IP routes " \
            f"on interface {interface} on host {node[u'host']}"

        with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
            for i in range(n_tunnels):
                args1[u"prefix"] = IPUtil.create_prefix_object(
                    tunnel_src + i * addr_incr, raddr_range
                )
                args2[u"route"] = IPUtil.compose_vpp_route_structure(
                    node, traffic_addr + i,
                    prefix_len=128 if traffic_addr.version == 6 else 32,
                    interface=interface, gateway=tunnel_dst + i * addr_incr
                )
                history = bool(not 1 < i < n_tunnels - 2)
                papi_exec.add(cmd1, history=history, **args1).\
                    add(cmd2, history=history, **args2)
            papi_exec.get_replies(err_msg)

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_add_spd(node, spd_id):
        """Create Security Policy Database on the VPP node.

        :param node: VPP node to add SPD on.
        :param spd_id: SPD ID.
        :type node: dict
        :type spd_id: int
        """
        cmd = u"ipsec_spd_add_del"
        err_msg = f"Failed to add Security Policy Database " \
            f"on host {node[u'host']}"
        args = dict(
            is_add=True,
            spd_id=int(spd_id)
        )
        with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
            papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_spd_add_if(node, spd_id, interface):
        """Add interface to the Security Policy Database.

        :param node: VPP node.
        :param spd_id: SPD ID to add interface on.
        :param interface: Interface name or sw_if_index.
        :type node: dict
        :type spd_id: int
        :type interface: str or int
        """
        cmd = u"ipsec_interface_add_del_spd"
        err_msg = f"Failed to add interface {interface} to Security Policy " \
            f"Database {spd_id} on host {node[u'host']}"
        args = dict(
            is_add=True,
            sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(node, interface),
            spd_id=int(spd_id)
        )
        with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
            papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_policy_add(
            node, spd_id, priority, action, inbound=True, sa_id=None,
            laddr_range=None, raddr_range=None, proto=None, lport_range=None,
            rport_range=None, is_ipv6=False):
        """Create Security Policy Database entry on the VPP node.

        :param node: VPP node to add SPD entry on.
        :param spd_id: SPD ID to add entry on.
        :param priority: SPD entry priority, higher number = higher priority.
        :param action: Policy action.
        :param inbound: If True policy is for inbound traffic, otherwise
            outbound.
        :param sa_id: SAD entry ID for protect action.
        :param laddr_range: Policy selector local IPv4 or IPv6 address range in
            format IP/prefix or IP/mask. If no mask is provided,
            it's considered to be /32.
        :param raddr_range: Policy selector remote IPv4 or IPv6 address range in
            format IP/prefix or IP/mask. If no mask is provided,
            it's considered to be /32.
        :param proto: Policy selector next layer protocol number.
        :param lport_range: Policy selector local TCP/UDP port range in format
            <port_start>-<port_end>.
        :param rport_range: Policy selector remote TCP/UDP port range in format
            <port_start>-<port_end>.
        :param is_ipv6: True in case of IPv6 policy when IPv6 address range is
            not defined so it will default to address ::/0, otherwise False.
        :type node: dict
        :type spd_id: int
        :type priority: int
        :type action: PolicyAction
        :type inbound: bool
        :type sa_id: int
        :type laddr_range: string
        :type raddr_range: string
        :type proto: int
        :type lport_range: string
        :type rport_range: string
        :type is_ipv6: bool
        """
        if laddr_range is None:
            laddr_range = u"::/0" if is_ipv6 else u"0.0.0.0/0"

        if raddr_range is None:
            raddr_range = u"::/0" if is_ipv6 else u"0.0.0.0/0"

        cmd = u"ipsec_spd_entry_add_del"
        err_msg = f"Failed to add entry to Security Policy Database {spd_id} " \
            f"on host {node[u'host']}"

        spd_entry = dict(
            spd_id=int(spd_id),
            priority=int(priority),
            is_outbound=not inbound,
            sa_id=int(sa_id) if sa_id else 0,
            policy=action.policy_int_repr,
            protocol=int(proto) if proto else 0,
            remote_address_start=IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(
                ip_network(raddr_range, strict=False).network_address
            ),
            remote_address_stop=IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(
                ip_network(raddr_range, strict=False).broadcast_address
            ),
            local_address_start=IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(
                ip_network(laddr_range, strict=False).network_address
            ),
            local_address_stop=IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(
                ip_network(laddr_range, strict=False).broadcast_address
            ),
            remote_port_start=int(rport_range.split(u"-")[0]) if rport_range
            else 0,
            remote_port_stop=int(rport_range.split(u"-")[1]) if rport_range
            else 65535,
            local_port_start=int(lport_range.split(u"-")[0]) if lport_range
            else 0,
            local_port_stop=int(lport_range.split(u"-")[1]) if rport_range
            else 65535
        )
        args = dict(
            is_add=True,
            entry=spd_entry
        )
        with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
            papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_spd_add_entries(
            node, n_entries, spd_id, priority, inbound, sa_id, raddr_ip,
            raddr_range=0):
        """Create multiple Security Policy Database entries on the VPP node.

        :param node: VPP node to add SPD entries on.
        :param n_entries: Number of SPD entries to be added.
        :param spd_id: SPD ID to add entries on.
        :param priority: SPD entries priority, higher number = higher priority.
        :param inbound: If True policy is for inbound traffic, otherwise
            outbound.
        :param sa_id: SAD entry ID for first entry. Each subsequent entry will
            SAD entry ID incremented by 1.
        :param raddr_ip: Policy selector remote IPv4 start address for the first
            entry. Remote IPv4 end address will be calculated depending on
            raddr_range parameter. Each subsequent entry will have start address
            next after IPv4 end address of previous entry.
        :param raddr_range: Required IP addres range.
        :type node: dict
        :type n_entries: int
        :type spd_id: int
        :type priority: int
        :type inbound: bool
        :type sa_id: int
        :type raddr_ip: str
        :type raddr_range: int
        """
        raddr_ip = ip_address(raddr_ip)
        if int(n_entries) > 10:
            tmp_filename = f"/tmp/ipsec_spd_{sa_id}_add_del_entry.script"

            with open(tmp_filename, 'w') as tmp_file:
                for i in range(n_entries):
                    direction = u'inbound' if inbound else u'outbound'
                    tunnel = f"exec ipsec policy add spd {spd_id} " \
                        f"priority {priority} {direction} " \
                        f"action protect sa {sa_id+i} " \
                        f"remote-ip-range {raddr_ip + i * (raddr_range + 1)} " \
                        f"- {raddr_ip + (i  + 1) * raddr_range + i} " \
                        f"local-ip-range 0.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255\n"
                    tmp_file.write(tunnel)
            VatExecutor().execute_script(
                tmp_filename, node, timeout=300, json_out=False,
                copy_on_execute=True
            )
            os.remove(tmp_filename)
            return

        laddr_range = u"::/0" if raddr_ip.version == 6 else u"0.0.0.0/0"

        cmd = u"ipsec_spd_entry_add_del"
        err_msg = f"ailed to add entry to Security Policy Database '{spd_id} " \
            f"on host {node[u'host']}"

        spd_entry = dict(
            spd_id=int(spd_id),
            priority=int(priority),
            is_outbound=not inbound,
            sa_id=int(sa_id) if sa_id else 0,
            policy=getattr(PolicyAction.PROTECT, u"policy_int_repr"),
            protocol=0,
            remote_address_start=IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(raddr_ip),
            remote_address_stop=IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(raddr_ip),
            local_address_start=IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(
                ip_network(laddr_range, strict=False).network_address
            ),
            local_address_stop=IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(
                ip_network(laddr_range, strict=False).broadcast_address
            ),
            remote_port_start=0,
            remote_port_stop=65535,
            local_port_start=0,
            local_port_stop=65535
        )
        args = dict(
            is_add=True,
            entry=spd_entry
        )

        with PapiSocketExecutor(node) as papi_exec:
            for i in range(n_entries):
                args[u"entry"][u"remote_address_start"][u"un"] = \
                    IPAddress.union_addr(raddr_ip + i)
                args[u"entry"][u"remote_address_stop"][u"un"] = \
                    IPAddress.union_addr(raddr_ip + i)
                history = bool(not 1 < i < n_entries - 2)
                papi_exec.add(cmd, history=history, **args)
            papi_exec.get_replies(err_msg)

    @staticmethod
    def _ipsec_create_tunnel_interfaces_dut1_vat(
            nodes, tun_ips, if1_key, if2_key, n_tunnels, crypto_alg, integ_alg,
            raddr_ip2, addr_incr, spi_d, existing_tunnels=0):
        """Create multiple IPsec tunnel interfaces on DUT1 node using VAT.

        :param nodes: VPP nodes to create tunnel interfaces.
        :param tun_ips: Dictionary with VPP node 1 ipsec tunnel interface
            IPv4/IPv6 address (ip1) and VPP node 2 ipsec tunnel interface
            IPv4/IPv6 address (ip2).
        :param if1_key: VPP node 1 interface key from topology file.
        :param if2_key: VPP node 2 / TG node (in case of 2-node topology)
            interface key from topology file.
        :param n_tunnels: Number of tunnel interfaces to be there at the end.
        :param crypto_alg: The encryption algorithm name.
        :param integ_alg: The integrity algorithm name.
        :param raddr_ip2: Policy selector remote IPv4/IPv6 start address for the
            first tunnel in direction node2->node1.
        :param spi_d: Dictionary with SPIs for VPP node 1 and VPP node 2.
        :param addr_incr: IP / IPv6 address incremental step.
        :param existing_tunnels: Number of tunnel interfaces before creation.
            Useful mainly for reconf tests. Default 0.
        :type nodes: dict
        :type tun_ips: dict
        :type if1_key: str
        :type if2_key: str
        :type n_tunnels: int
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :type raddr_ip2: IPv4Address or IPv6Address
        :type addr_incr: int
        :type spi_d: dict
        :type existing_tunnels: int
        """
        tmp_fn1 = u"/tmp/ipsec_create_tunnel_dut1.config"
        if1_n = Topology.get_interface_name(nodes[u"DUT1"], if1_key)

        ckeys = [bytes()] * existing_tunnels
        ikeys = [bytes()] * existing_tunnels

        vat = VatExecutor()
        with open(tmp_fn1, u"w") as tmp_f1:
            rmac = Topology.get_interface_mac(nodes[u"DUT2"], if2_key) \
                if u"DUT2" in nodes.keys() \
                else Topology.get_interface_mac(nodes[u"TG"], if2_key)
            if not existing_tunnels:
                tmp_f1.write(
                    f"exec create loopback interface\n"
                    f"exec set interface state loop0 up\n"
                    f"exec set interface ip address {if1_n} "
                    f"{tun_ips[u'ip2'] - 1}/"
                    f"{len(tun_ips[u'ip2'].packed)*8*3//4}\n"
                    f"exec set ip neighbor {if1_n} {tun_ips[u'ip2']} {rmac} "
                    f"static\n"
                )
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                ckeys.append(
                    gen_key(IPsecUtil.get_crypto_alg_key_len(crypto_alg))
                )
                if integ_alg:
                    ikeys.append(
                        gen_key(IPsecUtil.get_integ_alg_key_len(integ_alg))
                    )
                    integ = f"integ_alg {integ_alg.alg_name} " \
                        f"local_integ_key {ikeys[i].hex()} " \
                        f"remote_integ_key {ikeys[i].hex()} "
                else:
                    integ = u""
                tmp_f1.write(
                    f"exec set interface ip address loop0 "
                    f"{tun_ips[u'ip1'] + i * addr_incr}/32\n"
                    f"ipsec_tunnel_if_add_del "
                    f"local_spi {spi_d[u'spi_1'] + i} "
                    f"remote_spi {spi_d[u'spi_2'] + i} "
                    f"crypto_alg {crypto_alg.alg_name} "
                    f"local_crypto_key {ckeys[i].hex()} "
                    f"remote_crypto_key {ckeys[i].hex()} "
                    f"{integ} "
                    f"local_ip {tun_ips[u'ip1'] + i * addr_incr} "
                    f"remote_ip {tun_ips[u'ip2']} "
                    f"instance {i}\n"
                )
        vat.execute_script(
            tmp_fn1, nodes[u"DUT1"], timeout=1800, json_out=False,
            copy_on_execute=True,
            history=bool(n_tunnels < 100)
        )
        os.remove(tmp_fn1)

        with open(tmp_fn1, 'w') as tmp_f1:
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                tmp_f1.write(
                    f"exec set interface unnumbered ipip{i} use {if1_n}\n"
                    f"exec set interface state ipip{i} up\n"
                    f"exec ip route add "
                    f"{raddr_ip2 + i}/{len(raddr_ip2.packed)*8} "
                    f"via ipip{i}\n"
                )
        vat.execute_script(
            tmp_fn1, nodes[u"DUT1"], timeout=1800, json_out=False,
            copy_on_execute=True,
            history=bool(n_tunnels < 100)
        )
        os.remove(tmp_fn1)

        return ckeys, ikeys

    @staticmethod
    def _ipsec_create_tunnel_interfaces_dut2_vat(
            nodes, tun_ips, if2_key, n_tunnels, crypto_alg, ckeys, integ_alg,
            ikeys, raddr_ip1, addr_incr, spi_d, existing_tunnels=0):
        """Create multiple IPsec tunnel interfaces on DUT2 node using VAT.

        :param nodes: VPP nodes to create tunnel interfaces.
        :param tun_ips: Dictionary with VPP node 1 ipsec tunnel interface
            IPv4/IPv6 address (ip1) and VPP node 2 ipsec tunnel interface
            IPv4/IPv6 address (ip2).
        :param if2_key: VPP node 2 / TG node (in case of 2-node topology)
            interface key from topology file.
        :param n_tunnels: Number of tunnel interfaces to be there at the end.
        :param crypto_alg: The encryption algorithm name.
        :param ckeys: List of encryption keys.
        :param integ_alg: The integrity algorithm name.
        :param ikeys: List of integrity keys.
        :param spi_d: Dictionary with SPIs for VPP node 1 and VPP node 2.
        :param addr_incr: IP / IPv6 address incremental step.
        :param existing_tunnels: Number of tunnel interfaces before creation.
            Useful mainly for reconf tests. Default 0.
        :type nodes: dict
        :type tun_ips: dict
        :type if2_key: str
        :type n_tunnels: int
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :type ckeys: list
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :type ikeys: list
        :type addr_incr: int
        :type spi_d: dict
        :type existing_tunnels: int
        """
        tmp_fn2 = u"/tmp/ipsec_create_tunnel_dut2.config"
        if2_n = Topology.get_interface_name(nodes[u"DUT2"], if2_key)

        vat = VatExecutor()
        with open(tmp_fn2, 'w') as tmp_f2:
            if not existing_tunnels:
                tmp_f2.write(
                    f"exec set interface ip address {if2_n}"
                    f" {tun_ips[u'ip2']}/{len(tun_ips[u'ip2'].packed)*8*3/4}\n"
                )
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                if integ_alg:
                    integ = f"integ_alg {integ_alg.alg_name} " \
                        f"local_integ_key {ikeys[i].hex()} " \
                        f"remote_integ_key {ikeys[i].hex()} "
                else:
                    integ = u""
                tmp_f2.write(
                    f"ipsec_tunnel_if_add_del "
                    f"local_spi {spi_d[u'spi_2'] + i} "
                    f"remote_spi {spi_d[u'spi_1'] + i} "
                    f"crypto_alg {crypto_alg.alg_name} "
                    f"local_crypto_key {ckeys[i].hex()} "
                    f"remote_crypto_key {ckeys[i].hex()} "
                    f"{integ} "
                    f"local_ip {tun_ips[u'ip2']} "
                    f"remote_ip {tun_ips[u'ip1'] + i * addr_incr} "
                    f"instance {i}\n"
                )
        vat.execute_script(
            tmp_fn2, nodes[u"DUT2"], timeout=1800, json_out=False,
            copy_on_execute=True,
            history=bool(n_tunnels < 100)
        )
        os.remove(tmp_fn2)

        with open(tmp_fn2, 'w') as tmp_f2:
            if not existing_tunnels:
                tmp_f2.write(
                    f"exec ip route add {tun_ips[u'ip1']}/8 "
                    f"via {tun_ips[u'ip2'] - 1} {if2_n}\n"
                )
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                tmp_f2.write(
                    f"exec set interface unnumbered ipip{i} use {if2_n}\n"
                    f"exec set interface state ipip{i} up\n"
                    f"exec ip route add "
                    f"{raddr_ip1 + i}/{len(raddr_ip1.packed)*8} "
                    f"via ipip{i}\n"
                )
        vat.execute_script(
            tmp_fn2, nodes[u"DUT2"], timeout=1800, json_out=False,
            copy_on_execute=True,
            history=bool(n_tunnels < 100)
        )
        os.remove(tmp_fn2)

    @staticmethod
    def _ipsec_create_loopback_dut1_papi(nodes, tun_ips, if1_key, if2_key):
        """Create loopback interface and set IP address on VPP node 1 interface
        using PAPI.

        :param nodes: VPP nodes to create tunnel interfaces.
        :param tun_ips: Dictionary with VPP node 1 ipsec tunnel interface
            IPv4/IPv6 address (ip1) and VPP node 2 ipsec tunnel interface
            IPv4/IPv6 address (ip2).
        :param if1_key: VPP node 1 interface key from topology file.
        :param if2_key: VPP node 2 / TG node (in case of 2-node topology)
            interface key from topology file.
        :type nodes: dict
        :type tun_ips: dict
        :type if1_key: str
        :type if2_key: str
        """
        with PapiSocketExecutor(nodes[u"DUT1"]) as papi_exec:
            # Create loopback interface on DUT1, set it to up state
            cmd = u"create_loopback"
            args = dict(
                mac_address=0
            )
            err_msg = f"Failed to create loopback interface " \
                f"on host {nodes[u'DUT1'][u'host']}"
            loop_sw_if_idx = papi_exec.add(cmd, **args). \
                get_sw_if_index(err_msg)
            cmd = u"sw_interface_set_flags"
            args = dict(
                sw_if_index=loop_sw_if_idx,
                flags=InterfaceStatusFlags.IF_STATUS_API_FLAG_ADMIN_UP.value
            )
            err_msg = f"Failed to set loopback interface state up " \
                f"on host {nodes[u'DUT1'][u'host']}"
            papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)
            # Set IP address on VPP node 1 interface
            cmd = u"sw_interface_add_del_address"
            args = dict(
                sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(
                    nodes[u"DUT1"], if1_key
                ),
                is_add=True,
                del_all=False,
                prefix=IPUtil.create_prefix_object(
                    tun_ips[u"ip2"] - 1, 96 if tun_ips[u"ip2"].version == 6
                    else 24
                )
            )
            err_msg = f"Failed to set IP address on interface {if1_key} " \
                f"on host {nodes[u'DUT1'][u'host']}"
            papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)
            cmd2 = u"ip_neighbor_add_del"
            args2 = dict(
                is_add=1,
                neighbor=dict(
                    sw_if_index=Topology.get_interface_sw_index(
                        nodes[u"DUT1"], if1_key
                    ),
                    flags=1,
                    mac_address=str(
                        Topology.get_interface_mac(nodes[u"DUT2"], if2_key)
                        if u"DUT2" in nodes.keys()
                        else Topology.get_interface_mac(
                            nodes[u"TG"], if2_key
                        )
                    ),
                    ip_address=tun_ips[u"ip2"].compressed
                )
            )
            err_msg = f"Failed to add IP neighbor on interface {if1_key}"
            papi_exec.add(cmd2, **args2).get_reply(err_msg)

            return loop_sw_if_idx

    @staticmethod
    def _ipsec_create_tunnel_interfaces_dut1_papi(
            nodes, tun_ips, if1_key, if2_key, n_tunnels, crypto_alg, integ_alg,
            raddr_ip2, addr_incr, spi_d, existing_tunnels=0):
        """Create multiple IPsec tunnel interfaces on DUT1 node using PAPI.

        :param nodes: VPP nodes to create tunnel interfaces.
        :param tun_ips: Dictionary with VPP node 1 ipsec tunnel interface
            IPv4/IPv6 address (ip1) and VPP node 2 ipsec tunnel interface
            IPv4/IPv6 address (ip2).
        :param if1_key: VPP node 1 interface key from topology file.
        :param if2_key: VPP node 2 / TG node (in case of 2-node topology)
            interface key from topology file.
        :param n_tunnels: Number of tunnel interfaces to be there at the end.
        :param crypto_alg: The encryption algorithm name.
        :param integ_alg: The integrity algorithm name.
        :param raddr_ip2: Policy selector remote IPv4/IPv6 start address for the
            first tunnel in direction node2->node1.
        :param spi_d: Dictionary with SPIs for VPP node 1 and VPP node 2.
        :param addr_incr: IP / IPv6 address incremental step.
        :param existing_tunnels: Number of tunnel interfaces before creation.
            Useful mainly for reconf tests. Default 0.
        :type nodes: dict
        :type tun_ips: dict
        :type if1_key: str
        :type if2_key: str
        :type n_tunnels: int
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :type raddr_ip2: IPv4Address or IPv6Address
        :type addr_incr: int
        :type spi_d: dict
        :type existing_tunnels: int
        """
        if not existing_tunnels:
            loop_sw_if_idx = IPsecUtil._ipsec_create_loopback_dut1_papi(
                nodes, tun_ips, if1_key, if2_key
            )
        else:
            loop_sw_if_idx = InterfaceUtil.vpp_get_interface_sw_index(
                nodes[u"DUT1"], u"loop0"
            )
        with PapiSocketExecutor(nodes[u"DUT1"]) as papi_exec:
            # Configure IP addresses on loop0 interface
            cmd = u"sw_interface_add_del_address"
            args = dict(
                sw_if_index=loop_sw_if_idx,
                is_add=True,
                del_all=False,
                prefix=None
            )
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                args[u"prefix"] = IPUtil.create_prefix_object(
                    tun_ips[u"ip1"] + i * addr_incr,
                    128 if tun_ips[u"ip1"].version == 6 else 32
                )
                papi_exec.add(
                    cmd, history=bool(not 1 < i < n_tunnels - 2), **args
                )
            # Configure IPsec tunnel interfaces
            cmd = u"ipsec_tunnel_if_add_del"
            args = dict(
                is_add=True,
                local_ip=None,
                remote_ip=None,
                local_spi=0,
                remote_spi=0,
                crypto_alg=crypto_alg.alg_int_repr,
                local_crypto_key_len=0,
                local_crypto_key=None,
                remote_crypto_key_len=0,
                remote_crypto_key=None,
                integ_alg=integ_alg.alg_int_repr if integ_alg else 0,
                local_integ_key_len=0,
                local_integ_key=None,
                remote_integ_key_len=0,
                remote_integ_key=None,
                tx_table_id=0
            )
            ipsec_tunnels = [None] * existing_tunnels
            ckeys = [bytes()] * existing_tunnels
            ikeys = [bytes()] * existing_tunnels
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                ckeys.append(
                    gen_key(IPsecUtil.get_crypto_alg_key_len(crypto_alg))
                )
                if integ_alg:
                    ikeys.append(
                        gen_key(IPsecUtil.get_integ_alg_key_len(integ_alg))
                    )
                args[u"local_spi"] = spi_d[u"spi_1"] + i
                args[u"remote_spi"] = spi_d[u"spi_2"] + i
                args[u"local_ip"] = IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(
                    tun_ips[u"ip1"] + i * addr_incr
                )
                args[u"remote_ip"] = IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(
                    tun_ips[u"ip2"]
                )
                args[u"local_crypto_key_len"] = len(ckeys[i])
                args[u"local_crypto_key"] = ckeys[i]
                args[u"remote_crypto_key_len"] = len(ckeys[i])
                args[u"remote_crypto_key"] = ckeys[i]
                if integ_alg:
                    args[u"local_integ_key_len"] = len(ikeys[i])
                    args[u"local_integ_key"] = ikeys[i]
                    args[u"remote_integ_key_len"] = len(ikeys[i])
                    args[u"remote_integ_key"] = ikeys[i]
                papi_exec.add(
                    cmd, history=bool(not 1 < i < n_tunnels - 2), **args
                )
            err_msg = f"Failed to add IPsec tunnel interfaces on host" \
                f" {nodes[u'DUT1'][u'host']}"
            ipsec_tunnels.extend(
                [
                    reply[u"sw_if_index"]
                    for reply in papi_exec.get_replies(err_msg)
                    if u"sw_if_index" in reply
                ]
            )
            # Configure unnumbered interfaces
            cmd = u"sw_interface_set_unnumbered"
            args = dict(
                is_add=True,
                sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(
                    nodes[u"DUT1"], if1_key
                ),
                unnumbered_sw_if_index=0
            )
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                args[u"unnumbered_sw_if_index"] = ipsec_tunnels[i]
                papi_exec.add(
                    cmd, history=bool(not 1 < i < n_tunnels - 2), **args
                )
            # Set interfaces up
            cmd = u"sw_interface_set_flags"
            args = dict(
                sw_if_index=0,
                flags=InterfaceStatusFlags.IF_STATUS_API_FLAG_ADMIN_UP.value
            )
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                args[u"sw_if_index"] = ipsec_tunnels[i]
                papi_exec.add(
                    cmd, history=bool(not 1 < i < n_tunnels - 2), **args
                )
            # Configure IP routes
            cmd = u"ip_route_add_del"
            args = dict(
                is_add=1,
                is_multipath=0,
                route=None
            )
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                args[u"route"] = IPUtil.compose_vpp_route_structure(
                    nodes[u"DUT1"], (raddr_ip2 + i).compressed,
                    prefix_len=128 if raddr_ip2.version == 6 else 32,
                    interface=ipsec_tunnels[i]
                )
                papi_exec.add(
                    cmd, history=bool(not 1 < i < n_tunnels - 2), **args
                )
            err_msg = f"Failed to add IP routes on host " \
                f"{nodes[u'DUT1'][u'host']}"
            papi_exec.get_replies(err_msg)

        return ckeys, ikeys

    @staticmethod
    def _ipsec_create_tunnel_interfaces_dut2_papi(
            nodes, tun_ips, if2_key, n_tunnels, crypto_alg, ckeys, integ_alg,
            ikeys, raddr_ip1, addr_incr, spi_d, existing_tunnels=0):
        """Create multiple IPsec tunnel interfaces on DUT2 node using PAPI.

        :param nodes: VPP nodes to create tunnel interfaces.
        :param tun_ips: Dictionary with VPP node 1 ipsec tunnel interface
            IPv4/IPv6 address (ip1) and VPP node 2 ipsec tunnel interface
            IPv4/IPv6 address (ip2).
        :param if2_key: VPP node 2 / TG node (in case of 2-node topology)
            interface key from topology file.
        :param n_tunnels: Number of tunnel interfaces to be there at the end.
        :param crypto_alg: The encryption algorithm name.
        :param ckeys: List of encryption keys.
        :param integ_alg: The integrity algorithm name.
        :param ikeys: List of integrity keys.
        :param spi_d: Dictionary with SPIs for VPP node 1 and VPP node 2.
        :param addr_incr: IP / IPv6 address incremental step.
        :param existing_tunnels: Number of tunnel interfaces before creation.
            Useful mainly for reconf tests. Default 0.
        :type nodes: dict
        :type tun_ips: dict
        :type if2_key: str
        :type n_tunnels: int
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :type ckeys: list
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :type ikeys: list
        :type addr_incr: int
        :type spi_d: dict
        :type existing_tunnels: int
        """
        with PapiSocketExecutor(nodes[u"DUT2"]) as papi_exec:
            if not existing_tunnels:
                # Set IP address on VPP node 2 interface
                cmd = u"sw_interface_add_del_address"
                args = dict(
                    sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(
                        nodes[u"DUT2"], if2_key
                    ),
                    is_add=True,
                    del_all=False,
                    prefix=IPUtil.create_prefix_object(
                        tun_ips[u"ip2"], 96 if tun_ips[u"ip2"].version == 6
                        else 24
                    )
                )
                err_msg = f"Failed to set IP address on interface {if2_key} " \
                    f"on host {nodes[u'DUT2'][u'host']}"
                papi_exec.add(cmd, **args).get_reply(err_msg)
            # Configure IPsec tunnel interfaces
            cmd = u"ipsec_tunnel_if_add_del"
            args = dict(
                is_add=True,
                local_ip=IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(tun_ips[u"ip2"]),
                remote_ip=None,
                local_spi=0,
                remote_spi=0,
                crypto_alg=crypto_alg.alg_int_repr,
                local_crypto_key_len=0,
                local_crypto_key=None,
                remote_crypto_key_len=0,
                remote_crypto_key=None,
                integ_alg=integ_alg.alg_int_repr if integ_alg else 0,
                local_integ_key_len=0,
                local_integ_key=None,
                remote_integ_key_len=0,
                remote_integ_key=None,
                tx_table_id=0
            )
            ipsec_tunnels = [None] * existing_tunnels
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                args[u"local_spi"] = spi_d[u"spi_2"] + i
                args[u"remote_spi"] = spi_d[u"spi_1"] + i
                args[u"local_ip"] = IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(
                    tun_ips[u"ip2"]
                )
                args[u"remote_ip"] = IPAddress.create_ip_address_object(
                    tun_ips[u"ip1"] + i * addr_incr
                )
                args[u"local_crypto_key_len"] = len(ckeys[i])
                args[u"local_crypto_key"] = ckeys[i]
                args[u"remote_crypto_key_len"] = len(ckeys[i])
                args[u"remote_crypto_key"] = ckeys[i]
                if integ_alg:
                    args[u"local_integ_key_len"] = len(ikeys[i])
                    args[u"local_integ_key"] = ikeys[i]
                    args[u"remote_integ_key_len"] = len(ikeys[i])
                    args[u"remote_integ_key"] = ikeys[i]
                papi_exec.add(
                    cmd, history=bool(not 1 < i < n_tunnels - 2), **args
                )
            err_msg = f"Failed to add IPsec tunnel interfaces " \
                f"on host {nodes[u'DUT2'][u'host']}"
            ipsec_tunnels.extend(
                [
                    reply[u"sw_if_index"]
                    for reply in papi_exec.get_replies(err_msg)
                    if u"sw_if_index" in reply
                ]
            )
            if not existing_tunnels:
                # Configure IP route
                cmd = u"ip_route_add_del"
                route = IPUtil.compose_vpp_route_structure(
                    nodes[u"DUT2"], tun_ips[u"ip1"].compressed,
                    prefix_len=32 if tun_ips[u"ip1"].version == 6 else 8,
                    interface=if2_key,
                    gateway=(tun_ips[u"ip2"] - 1).compressed
                )
                args = dict(
                    is_add=1,
                    is_multipath=0,
                    route=route
                )
                papi_exec.add(cmd, **args)
            # Configure unnumbered interfaces
            cmd = u"sw_interface_set_unnumbered"
            args = dict(
                is_add=True,
                sw_if_index=InterfaceUtil.get_interface_index(
                    nodes[u"DUT2"], if2_key
                ),
                unnumbered_sw_if_index=0
            )
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                args[u"unnumbered_sw_if_index"] = ipsec_tunnels[i]
                papi_exec.add(
                    cmd, history=bool(not 1 < i < n_tunnels - 2), **args
                )
            # Set interfaces up
            cmd = u"sw_interface_set_flags"
            args = dict(
                sw_if_index=0,
                flags=InterfaceStatusFlags.IF_STATUS_API_FLAG_ADMIN_UP.value
            )
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                args[u"sw_if_index"] = ipsec_tunnels[i]
                papi_exec.add(
                    cmd, history=bool(not 1 < i < n_tunnels - 2), **args
                )
            # Configure IP routes
            cmd = u"ip_route_add_del"
            args = dict(
                is_add=1,
                is_multipath=0,
                route=None
            )
            for i in range(existing_tunnels, n_tunnels):
                args[u"route"] = IPUtil.compose_vpp_route_structure(
                    nodes[u"DUT1"], (raddr_ip1 + i).compressed,
                    prefix_len=128 if raddr_ip1.version == 6 else 32,
                    interface=ipsec_tunnels[i]
                )
                papi_exec.add(
                    cmd, history=bool(not 1 < i < n_tunnels - 2), **args
                )
            err_msg = f"Failed to add IP routes " \
                f"on host {nodes[u'DUT2'][u'host']}"
            papi_exec.get_replies(err_msg)

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_create_tunnel_interfaces(
            nodes, tun_if1_ip_addr, tun_if2_ip_addr, if1_key, if2_key,
            n_tunnels, crypto_alg, integ_alg, raddr_ip1, raddr_ip2, raddr_range,
            existing_tunnels=0):
        """Create multiple IPsec tunnel interfaces between two VPP nodes.

        :param nodes: VPP nodes to create tunnel interfaces.
        :param tun_if1_ip_addr: VPP node 1 ipsec tunnel interface IPv4/IPv6
            address.
        :param tun_if2_ip_addr: VPP node 2 ipsec tunnel interface IPv4/IPv6
            address.
        :param if1_key: VPP node 1 interface key from topology file.
        :param if2_key: VPP node 2 / TG node (in case of 2-node topology)
            interface key from topology file.
        :param n_tunnels: Number of tunnel interfaces to be there at the end.
        :param crypto_alg: The encryption algorithm name.
        :param integ_alg: The integrity algorithm name.
        :param raddr_ip1: Policy selector remote IPv4/IPv6 start address for the
            first tunnel in direction node1->node2.
        :param raddr_ip2: Policy selector remote IPv4/IPv6 start address for the
            first tunnel in direction node2->node1.
        :param raddr_range: Mask specifying range of Policy selector Remote
            IPv4/IPv6 addresses. Valid values are from 1 to 32 in case of IPv4
            and to 128 in case of IPv6.
        :param existing_tunnels: Number of tunnel interfaces before creation.
            Useful mainly for reconf tests. Default 0.
        :type nodes: dict
        :type tun_if1_ip_addr: str
        :type tun_if2_ip_addr: str
        :type if1_key: str
        :type if2_key: str
        :type n_tunnels: int
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :type raddr_ip1: string
        :type raddr_ip2: string
        :type raddr_range: int
        :type existing_tunnels: int
        """
        n_tunnels = int(n_tunnels)
        existing_tunnels = int(existing_tunnels)
        spi_d = dict(
            spi_1=100000,
            spi_2=200000
        )
        tun_ips = dict(
            ip1=ip_address(tun_if1_ip_addr),
            ip2=ip_address(tun_if2_ip_addr)
        )
        raddr_ip1 = ip_address(raddr_ip1)
        raddr_ip2 = ip_address(raddr_ip2)
        addr_incr = 1 << (128 - raddr_range) if tun_ips[u"ip1"].version == 6 \
            else 1 << (32 - raddr_range)

        if n_tunnels - existing_tunnels > 10:
            ckeys, ikeys = IPsecUtil._ipsec_create_tunnel_interfaces_dut1_vat(
                nodes, tun_ips, if1_key, if2_key, n_tunnels, crypto_alg,
                integ_alg, raddr_ip2, addr_incr, spi_d, existing_tunnels
            )
            if u"DUT2" not in nodes.keys():
                return ckeys[0], ikeys[0], spi_d[u"spi_1"], spi_d[u"spi_2"]
            IPsecUtil._ipsec_create_tunnel_interfaces_dut2_vat(
                nodes, tun_ips, if2_key, n_tunnels, crypto_alg, ckeys,
                integ_alg, ikeys, raddr_ip1, addr_incr, spi_d, existing_tunnels
            )
        else:
            ckeys, ikeys = IPsecUtil._ipsec_create_tunnel_interfaces_dut1_papi(
                nodes, tun_ips, if1_key, if2_key, n_tunnels, crypto_alg,
                integ_alg, raddr_ip2, addr_incr, spi_d, existing_tunnels
            )
            if u"DUT2" not in nodes.keys():
                return ckeys[0], ikeys[0], spi_d[u"spi_1"], spi_d[u"spi_2"]
            IPsecUtil._ipsec_create_tunnel_interfaces_dut2_papi(
                nodes, tun_ips, if2_key, n_tunnels, crypto_alg, ckeys,
                integ_alg, ikeys, raddr_ip1, addr_incr, spi_d, existing_tunnels
            )

        return None, None, None, None

    @staticmethod
    def _create_ipsec_script_files(dut, instances):
        """Create script files for configuring IPsec in containers

        :param dut: DUT node on which to create the script files
        :param instances: number of containers on DUT node
        :type dut: string
        :type instances: int
        """
        scripts = []
        for cnf in range(0, instances):
            script_filename = (
                f"/tmp/ipsec_create_tunnel_cnf_{dut}_{cnf + 1}.config"
            )
            scripts.append(open(script_filename, 'w'))
        return scripts

    @staticmethod
    def _close_and_copy_ipsec_script_files(
            dut, nodes, instances, scripts):
        """Close created scripts and copy them to containers

        :param dut: DUT node on which to create the script files
        :param nodes: VPP nodes
        :param instances: number of containers on DUT node
        :param scripts: dictionary holding the script files
        :type dut: string
        :type nodes: dict
        :type instances: int
        :type scripts: dict
        """
        for cnf in range(0, instances):
            scripts[cnf].close()
            script_filename = (
                f"/tmp/ipsec_create_tunnel_cnf_{dut}_{cnf + 1}.config"
            )
            scp_node(nodes[dut], script_filename, script_filename)


    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_create_tunnel_interfaces_in_containers(
            nodes, if1_ip_addr, if2_ip_addr, n_tunnels, crypto_alg, integ_alg,
            raddr_ip1, raddr_ip2, raddr_range, n_instances):
        """Create multiple IPsec tunnel interfaces between two VPP nodes.

        :param nodes: VPP nodes to create tunnel interfaces.
        :param if1_ip_addr: VPP node 1 interface IP4 address.
        :param if2_ip_addr: VPP node 2 interface IP4 address.
        :param n_tunnels: Number of tunnell interfaces to create.
        :param crypto_alg: The encryption algorithm name.
        :param integ_alg: The integrity algorithm name.
        :param raddr_ip1: Policy selector remote IPv4 start address for the
            first tunnel in direction node1->node2.
        :param raddr_ip2: Policy selector remote IPv4 start address for the
            first tunnel in direction node2->node1.
        :param raddr_range: Mask specifying range of Policy selector Remote
            IPv4 addresses. Valid values are from 1 to 32.
        :param n_instances: Number of containers.
        :type nodes: dict
        :type if1_ip_addr: str
        :type if2_ip_addr: str
        :type n_tunnels: int
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :type raddr_ip1: string
        :type raddr_ip2: string
        :type raddr_range: int
        :type n_instances: int
        """
        spi_1 = 100000
        spi_2 = 200000
        addr_incr = 1 << (32 - raddr_range)

        dut1_scripts = IPsecUtil._create_ipsec_script_files(
            u"DUT1", n_instances
        )
        dut2_scripts = IPsecUtil._create_ipsec_script_files(
            u"DUT2", n_instances
        )

        for cnf in range(0, n_instances):
            dut1_scripts[cnf].write(
                u"create loopback interface\n"
                u"set interface state loop0 up\n\n"
            )
            dut2_scripts[cnf].write(
                f"ip route add {if1_ip_addr}/8 via "
                f"{ip_address(if2_ip_addr) + cnf + 100} memif1/{cnf + 1}\n\n"
            )

        for tnl in range(0, n_tunnels):
            cnf = tnl % n_instances
            ckey = getattr(
                gen_key(IPsecUtil.get_crypto_alg_key_len(crypto_alg)), u"hex"
            )
            integ = u""
            if integ_alg:
                ikey = getattr(
                    gen_key(IPsecUtil.get_integ_alg_key_len(integ_alg)), u"hex"
                )
                integ = (
                    f"integ-alg {integ_alg.alg_name} "
                    f"local-integ-key {ikey} "
                    f"remote-integ-key {ikey} "
                )
            # Configure tunnel end point(s) on left side
            dut1_scripts[cnf].write(
                u"set interface ip address loop0 "
                f"{ip_address(if1_ip_addr) + tnl * addr_incr}/32\n"
                f"create ipsec tunnel "
                f"local-ip {ip_address(if1_ip_addr) + tnl * addr_incr} "
                f"local-spi {spi_1 + tnl} "
                f"remote-ip {ip_address(if2_ip_addr) + cnf} "
                f"remote-spi {spi_2 + tnl} "
                f"crypto-alg {crypto_alg.alg_name} "
                f"local-crypto-key {ckey} "
                f"remote-crypto-key {ckey} "
                f"instance {tnl // n_instances} "
                f"salt 0x0 "
                f"{integ} \n"
                f"set interface unnumbered ipip{tnl // n_instances} use loop0\n"
                f"set interface state ipip{tnl // n_instances} up\n"
                f"ip route add {ip_address(raddr_ip2)+tnl}/32 "
                f"via ipip{tnl // n_instances}\n\n"
            )
            # Configure tunnel end point(s) on right side
            dut2_scripts[cnf].write(
                f"set ip neighbor memif1/{cnf + 1} "
                f"{ip_address(if1_ip_addr) + tnl * addr_incr} "
                f"02:02:00:00:{17:02X}:{cnf:02X} static\n"
                f"create ipsec tunnel local-ip {ip_address(if2_ip_addr) + cnf} "
                f"local-spi {spi_2 + tnl} "
                f"remote-ip {ip_address(if1_ip_addr) + tnl * addr_incr} "
                f"remote-spi {spi_1 + tnl} "
                f"crypto-alg {crypto_alg.alg_name} "
                f"local-crypto-key {ckey} "
                f"remote-crypto-key {ckey} "
                f"instance {tnl // n_instances} "
                f"salt 0x0 "
                f"{integ}\n"
                f"set interface unnumbered ipip{tnl // n_instances} "
                f"use memif1/{cnf + 1}\n"
                f"set interface state ipip{tnl // n_instances} up\n"
                f"ip route add {ip_address(raddr_ip1) + tnl}/32 "
                f"via ipip{tnl // n_instances}\n\n"
            )

        IPsecUtil._close_and_copy_ipsec_script_files(
            u"DUT1", nodes, n_instances, dut1_scripts)
        IPsecUtil._close_and_copy_ipsec_script_files(
            u"DUT2", nodes, n_instances, dut2_scripts)

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_add_multiple_tunnels(
            nodes, interface1, interface2, n_tunnels, crypto_alg, integ_alg,
            tunnel_ip1, tunnel_ip2, raddr_ip1, raddr_ip2, raddr_range):
        """Create multiple IPsec tunnels between two VPP nodes.

        :param nodes: VPP nodes to create tunnels.
        :param interface1: Interface name or sw_if_index on node 1.
        :param interface2: Interface name or sw_if_index on node 2.
        :param n_tunnels: Number of tunnels to create.
        :param crypto_alg: The encryption algorithm name.
        :param integ_alg: The integrity algorithm name.
        :param tunnel_ip1: Tunnel node1 IPv4 address.
        :param tunnel_ip2: Tunnel node2 IPv4 address.
        :param raddr_ip1: Policy selector remote IPv4 start address for the
            first tunnel in direction node1->node2.
        :param raddr_ip2: Policy selector remote IPv4 start address for the
            first tunnel in direction node2->node1.
        :param raddr_range: Mask specifying range of Policy selector Remote
            IPv4 addresses. Valid values are from 1 to 32.
        :type nodes: dict
        :type interface1: str or int
        :type interface2: str or int
        :type n_tunnels: int
        :type crypto_alg: CryptoAlg
        :type integ_alg: IntegAlg
        :type tunnel_ip1: str
        :type tunnel_ip2: str
        :type raddr_ip1: string
        :type raddr_ip2: string
        :type raddr_range: int
        """
        spd_id = 1
        p_hi = 100
        p_lo = 10
        sa_id_1 = 100000
        sa_id_2 = 200000
        spi_1 = 300000
        spi_2 = 400000

        crypto_key = gen_key(
            IPsecUtil.get_crypto_alg_key_len(crypto_alg)
        ).decode()
        integ_key = gen_key(
            IPsecUtil.get_integ_alg_key_len(integ_alg)
        ).decode() if integ_alg else u""

        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_set_ip_route(
            nodes[u"DUT1"], n_tunnels, tunnel_ip1, raddr_ip2, tunnel_ip2,
            interface1, raddr_range)
        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_set_ip_route(
            nodes[u"DUT2"], n_tunnels, tunnel_ip2, raddr_ip1, tunnel_ip1,
            interface2, raddr_range)

        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_add_spd(nodes[u"DUT1"], spd_id)
        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_spd_add_if(nodes[u"DUT1"], spd_id, interface1)
        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_policy_add(
            nodes[u"DUT1"], spd_id, p_hi, PolicyAction.BYPASS, inbound=False,
            proto=50, laddr_range=u"100.0.0.0/8", raddr_range=u"100.0.0.0/8"
        )
        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_policy_add(
            nodes[u"DUT1"], spd_id, p_hi, PolicyAction.BYPASS, inbound=True,
            proto=50, laddr_range=u"100.0.0.0/8", raddr_range=u"100.0.0.0/8"
        )

        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_add_spd(nodes[u"DUT2"], spd_id)
        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_spd_add_if(nodes[u"DUT2"], spd_id, interface2)
        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_policy_add(
            nodes[u"DUT2"], spd_id, p_hi, PolicyAction.BYPASS, inbound=False,
            proto=50, laddr_range=u"100.0.0.0/8", raddr_range=u"100.0.0.0/8"
        )
        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_policy_add(
            nodes[u"DUT2"], spd_id, p_hi, PolicyAction.BYPASS, inbound=True,
            proto=50, laddr_range=u"100.0.0.0/8", raddr_range=u"100.0.0.0/8"
        )

        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_add_sad_entries(
            nodes[u"DUT1"], n_tunnels, sa_id_1, spi_1, crypto_alg, crypto_key,
            integ_alg, integ_key, tunnel_ip1, tunnel_ip2
        )
        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_spd_add_entries(
            nodes[u"DUT1"], n_tunnels, spd_id, p_lo, False, sa_id_1, raddr_ip2
        )

        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_add_sad_entries(
            nodes[u"DUT2"], n_tunnels, sa_id_1, spi_1, crypto_alg, crypto_key,
            integ_alg, integ_key, tunnel_ip1, tunnel_ip2
        )
        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_spd_add_entries(
            nodes[u"DUT2"], n_tunnels, spd_id, p_lo, True, sa_id_1, raddr_ip2
        )

        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_add_sad_entries(
            nodes[u"DUT2"], n_tunnels, sa_id_2, spi_2, crypto_alg, crypto_key,
            integ_alg, integ_key, tunnel_ip2, tunnel_ip1
        )

        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_spd_add_entries(
            nodes[u"DUT2"], n_tunnels, spd_id, p_lo, False, sa_id_2, raddr_ip1
        )

        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_add_sad_entries(
            nodes[u"DUT1"], n_tunnels, sa_id_2, spi_2, crypto_alg, crypto_key,
            integ_alg, integ_key, tunnel_ip2, tunnel_ip1
        )

        IPsecUtil.vpp_ipsec_spd_add_entries(
            nodes[u"DUT1"], n_tunnels, spd_id, p_lo, True, sa_id_2, raddr_ip1
        )

    @staticmethod
    def vpp_ipsec_show(node):
        """Run "show ipsec" debug CLI command.

        :param node: Node to run command on.
        :type node: dict
        """
        PapiSocketExecutor.run_cli_cmd(node, u"show ipsec")