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diff --git a/docs/usecases/Routing.rst b/docs/usecases/Routing.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0c5908fd57e --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/usecases/Routing.rst @@ -0,0 +1,266 @@ +.. _Routing: + +.. toctree:: + +Connecting the two Containers +_____________________________ + +Now for connecting these two linux containers to VPP and pinging between them. + +Enter container *cone*, and check the current network configuration: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@cone:/# ip -o a + 1: lo inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo\ valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever + 1: lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host \ valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever + 30: veth0 inet 10.0.3.157/24 brd 10.0.3.255 scope global veth0\ valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever + 30: veth0 inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fee2:d0ba/64 scope link \ valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever + 32: veth_link1 inet6 fe80::2c9d:83ff:fe33:37e/64 scope link \ valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever + +You can see that there are three network interfaces, *lo, veth0*, and *veth_link1*. + +Notice that *veth_link1* has no assigned IP. + +Check if the interfaces are down or up: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@cone:/# ip link + 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1 + link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 + 30: veth0@if31: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 + link/ether 00:16:3e:e2:d0:ba brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 + 32: veth_link1@if33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 + link/ether 2e:9d:83:33:03:7e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 + +.. _networkNote: + +.. note:: + + Take note of the network index for **veth_link1**. In our case, it 32, and its parent index (the host machine, not the containers) is 33, shown by **veth_link1@if33**. Yours will most likely be different, but **please take note of these index's**. + +Make sure your loopback interface is up, and assign an IP and gateway to veth_link1. + +.. code-block:: console + + root@cone:/# ip link set dev lo up + root@cone:/# ip addr add 172.16.1.2/24 dev veth_link1 + root@cone:/# ip link set dev veth_link1 up + root@cone:/# dhclient -r + root@cone:/# ip route add default via 172.16.1.1 dev veth_link1 + +Here, the IP is 172.16.1.2/24 and the gateway is 172.16.1.1. + +Run some commands to verify the changes: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@cone:/# ip -o a + 1: lo inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo\ valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever + 1: lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host \ valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever + 30: veth0 inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fee2:d0ba/64 scope link \ valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever + 32: veth_link1 inet 172.16.1.2/24 scope global veth_link1\ valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever + 32: veth_link1 inet6 fe80::2c9d:83ff:fe33:37e/64 scope link \ valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever + + root@cone:/# route + Kernel IP routing table + Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface + default 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 veth_link1 + 172.16.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 veth_link1 + + +We see that the IP has been assigned, as well as our default gateway. + +Now exit this container and repeat this process with container *ctwo*, except with IP 172.16.2.2/24 and gateway 172.16.2.1. + + +After thats done for *both* containers, exit from the container if you're in one: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@ctwo:/# exit + exit + root@localhost:~# + +In the machine running the containers, run **ip link** to see the host *veth* network interfaces, and their link with their respective *container veth's*. + +.. code-block:: console + + root@localhost:~# ip link + 1: lo: <LOOPBACK> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1 + link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 + 2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 + link/ether 08:00:27:33:82:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff + 3: enp0s8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 + link/ether 08:00:27:d9:9f:ac brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff + 4: enp0s9: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 + link/ether 08:00:27:78:84:9d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff + 5: lxcbr0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 + link/ether 00:16:3e:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff + 19: veth0C2FL7@if18: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master lxcbr0 state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 + link/ether fe:0d:da:90:c1:65 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 1 + 21: veth8NA72P@if20: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 + link/ether fe:1c:9e:01:9f:82 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 1 + 31: vethXQMY4C@if30: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master lxcbr0 state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 + link/ether fe:9a:d9:29:40:bb brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 + 33: vethQL7KOC@if32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000 + link/ether fe:ed:89:54:47:a2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 + + +Remember our network interface index 32 in *cone* from this :ref:`note <networkNote>`? We can see at the bottom the name of the 33rd index **vethQL7KOC@if32**. Keep note of this network interface name for the veth connected to *cone* (ex. vethQL7KOC), and the other network interface name for *ctwo*. + +With VPP in the host machine, show current VPP interfaces: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@localhost:~# vppctl show inter + Name Idx State MTU (L3/IP4/IP6/MPLS) Counter Count + local0 0 down 0/0/0/0 + +Which should only output local0. + +Based on the names of the network interfaces discussed previously, which are specific to my systems, we can create VPP host-interfaces: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@localhost:~# vppctl create host-interface name vethQL7K0C + root@localhost:~# vppctl create host-interface name veth8NA72P + +Verify they have been set up properly: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@localhost:~# vppctl show inter + Name Idx State MTU (L3/IP4/IP6/MPLS) Counter Count + host-vethQL7K0C 1 down 9000/0/0/0 + host-veth8NA72P 2 down 9000/0/0/0 + local0 0 down 0/0/0/0 + +Which should output *three network interfaces*, local0, and the other two host network interfaces linked to the container veth's. + + +Set their state to up: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@localhost:~# vppctl set interface state host-vethQL7K0C up + root@localhost:~# vppctl set interface state host-veth8NA72P up + +Verify they are now up: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@localhost:~# vppctl show inter + Name Idx State MTU (L3/IP4/IP6/MPLS) Counter Count + host-vethQL7K0C 1 up 9000/0/0/0 + host-veth8NA72P 2 up 9000/0/0/0 + local0 0 down 0/0/0/0 + + +Add IP addresses for the other end of each veth link: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@localhost:~# vppctl set interface ip address host-vethQL7K0C 172.16.1.1/24 + root@localhost:~# vppctl set interface ip address host-veth8NA72P 172.16.2.1/24 + + +Verify the addresses are set properly by looking at the L3 table: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@localhost:~# vppctl show inter addr + host-vethQL7K0C (up): + L3 172.16.1.1/24 + host-veth8NA72P (up): + L3 172.16.2.1/24 + local0 (dn): + +Or looking at the FIB by doing: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@localhost:~# vppctl show ip fib + ipv4-VRF:0, fib_index:0, flow hash:[src dst sport dport proto ] locks:[src:plugin-hi:2, src:default-route:1, ] + 0.0.0.0/0 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:1 buckets:1 uRPF:0 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@0]: dpo-drop ip4 + 0.0.0.0/32 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:2 buckets:1 uRPF:1 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@0]: dpo-drop ip4 + 172.16.1.0/32 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:10 buckets:1 uRPF:9 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@0]: dpo-drop ip4 + 172.16.1.0/24 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:9 buckets:1 uRPF:8 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@4]: ipv4-glean: host-vethQL7K0C: mtu:9000 ffffffffffff02fec953f98c0806 + 172.16.1.1/32 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:12 buckets:1 uRPF:13 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@2]: dpo-receive: 172.16.1.1 on host-vethQL7K0C + 172.16.1.255/32 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:11 buckets:1 uRPF:11 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@0]: dpo-drop ip4 + 172.16.2.0/32 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:14 buckets:1 uRPF:15 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@0]: dpo-drop ip4 + 172.16.2.0/24 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:13 buckets:1 uRPF:14 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@4]: ipv4-glean: host-veth8NA72P: mtu:9000 ffffffffffff02fe305400e80806 + 172.16.2.1/32 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:16 buckets:1 uRPF:19 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@2]: dpo-receive: 172.16.2.1 on host-veth8NA72P + 172.16.2.255/32 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:15 buckets:1 uRPF:17 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@0]: dpo-drop ip4 + 224.0.0.0/4 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:4 buckets:1 uRPF:3 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@0]: dpo-drop ip4 + 240.0.0.0/4 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:3 buckets:1 uRPF:2 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@0]: dpo-drop ip4 + 255.255.255.255/32 + unicast-ip4-chain + [@0]: dpo-load-balance: [proto:ip4 index:5 buckets:1 uRPF:4 to:[0:0]] + [0] [@0]: dpo-drop ip4 + +At long last you probably want to see some pings: + +.. code-block:: console + + root@localhost:~# lxc-attach -n cone -- ping -c3 172.16.2.2 + PING 172.16.2.2 (172.16.2.2) 56(84) bytes of data. + 64 bytes from 172.16.2.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.102 ms + 64 bytes from 172.16.2.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.189 ms + 64 bytes from 172.16.2.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=0.150 ms + + --- 172.16.2.2 ping statistics --- + 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1999ms + rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.102/0.147/0.189/0.035 ms + + root@localhost:~# lxc-attach -n ctwo -- ping -c3 172.16.1.2 + PING 172.16.1.2 (172.16.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. + 64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.111 ms + 64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.089 ms + 64 bytes from 172.16.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=0.096 ms + + --- 172.16.1.2 ping statistics --- + 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms + rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.089/0.098/0.111/0.014 ms + + +Which should send/recieve three packets for each command. + +This is the end of this guide. Great work!
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