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diff --git a/src/plugins/ioam/ioam_plugin_doc.md b/src/plugins/ioam/ioam_plugin_doc.md deleted file mode 100644 index 343abcf73d8..00000000000 --- a/src/plugins/ioam/ioam_plugin_doc.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,464 +0,0 @@ -## VPP Inband OAM (iOAM) {#ioam_plugin_doc} - -In-band OAM (iOAM) is an implementation study to record operational -information in the packet while the packet traverses a path between -two points in the network. - -Overview of iOAM can be found in [iOAM-Devnet] page. -The following IETF drafts detail the motivation and mechanism for -recording operational information: - - [iOAM-ietf-requirements] - Describes motivation and usecases for iOAM - - [iOAM-ietf-data] - Describes data records that can be collected using iOAM - - [iOAM-ietf-transport] - Lists out the transport protocols - and mechanism to carry iOAM data records - - [iOAM-ietf-proof-of-transit] - Describes the idea of Proof of Transit (POT) - and mechanisms to operationalize the idea - -## Terminology -In-band OAM is expected to be deployed in a specific domain rather -than on the overall Internet. The part of the network which employs in-band OAM -is referred to as **"in-band OAM-domain"**. - -In-band OAM data is added to a packet on entering the in-band OAM-domain -and is removed from the packet when exiting the domain. -Within the in-band OAM-domain, network nodes that the packet traverses -may update the in-band OAM data records. - -- The node which adds in-band OAM data to the packet is called the -**"in-band OAM encapsulating node"**. - -- The node which removes the in-band OAM data is referred to as the -**"in-band OAM decapsulating node"**. - -- Nodes within the domain which are aware of in-band OAM data and read -and/or write or process the in-band OAM data are called -**"in-band OAM transit nodes"**. - -## Features supported in the current release -VPP can function as in-band OAM encapsulating, transit and decapsulating node. -In this version of VPP in-band OAM data is transported as options in an -IPv6 hop-by-hop extension header. Hence in-band OAM can be enabled -for IPv6 traffic. - -The following iOAM features are supported: - -- **In-band OAM Tracing** : In-band OAM supports multiple data records to be -recorded in the packet as the packet traverses the network. -These data records offer insights into the operational behavior of the network. -The following information can be collected in the tracing -data from the nodes a packet traverses: - - Node ID - - Ingress interface ID - - Egress interface ID - - Timestamp - - Pre-configured application data - -- **In-band OAM Proof of Transit (POT)**: Proof of transit iOAM data is -added to every packet for verifying that a packet traverses a specific -set of nodes. -In-band OAM data is updated at every node that is enabled with iOAM -proof of transit and is used to verify whether a packet traversed -all the specified nodes. When the verifier receives each packet, -it can validate whether the packet traversed the specified nodes. - - -## Configuration -Configuring iOAM involves: -- Selecting the packets for which iOAM data must be inserted, updated or removed - - Selection of packets for iOAM data insertion on iOAM encapsulating node. - Selection of packets is done by 5-tuple based classification - - Selection of packets for updating iOAM data is implicitly done on the - presence of iOAM options in the packet - - Selection of packets for removing the iOAM data is done on 5-tuple - based classification -- The kind of data to be collected - - Tracing data - - Proof of transit -- Additional details for processing iOAM data to be collected - - For trace data - trace type, number of nodes to be recorded in the trace, - time stamp precision, etc. - - For POT data - configuration of POT profile required to process the POT data - -The CLI for configuring iOAM is explained here followed by detailed steps -and examples to deploy iOAM on VPP as an encapsulating, transit or -decapsulating iOAM node in the subsequent sub-sections. - -VPP iOAM configuration for enabling trace and POT is as follows: - - set ioam rewrite trace-type <0x1f|0x7|0x9|0x11|0x19> - trace-elts <number of trace elements> trace-tsp <0|1|2|3> - node-id <node ID in hex> app-data <application data in hex> [pot] - -A description of each of the options of the CLI follows: -- trace-type : An entry in the "Node data List" array of the trace option -can have different formats, following the needs of the a deployment. -For example: Some deployments might only be interested -in recording the node identifiers, whereas others might be interested -in recording node identifier and timestamp. -The following types are currently supported: - - 0x1f : Node data to include hop limit (8 bits), node ID (24 bits), - ingress and egress interface IDs (16 bits each), timestamp (32 bits), - application data (32 bits) - - 0x7 : Node data to include hop limit (8 bits), node ID (24 bits), - ingress and egress interface IDs (16 bits each) - - 0x9 : Node data to include hop limit (8 bits), node ID (24 bits), - timestamp (32 bits) - - 0x11: Node data to include hop limit (8 bits), node ID (24 bits), - application data (32 bits) - - 0x19: Node data to include hop limit (8 bits), node ID (24 bits), - timestamp (32 bits), application data (32 bits) -- trace-elts : Defines the length of the node data array in the trace option. -- trace-tsp : Defines the timestamp precision to use with the enumerated value - for precision as follows: - - 0 : 32bits timestamp in seconds - - 1 : 32bits timestamp in milliseconds - - 2 : 32bits timestamp in microseconds - - 3 : 32bits timestamp in nanoseconds -- node-id : Unique identifier for the node, included in the node ID - field of the node data in trace option. -- app-data : The value configured here is included as is in -application data field of node data in trace option. -- pot : Enables POT option to be included in the iOAM options. - -### Trace configuration - -#### On in-band OAM encapsulating node - - **Configure classifier and apply ACL** to select packets for - iOAM data insertion - - Example to enable iOAM data insertion for all the packets - towards IPv6 address db06::06: - - vpp# classify table miss-next node ip6-lookup mask l3 ip6 dst - - vpp# classify session acl-hit-next node ip6-add-hop-by-hop - table-index 0 match l3 ip6 dst db06::06 - - vpp# set int input acl intfc GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip6-table 0 - - - **Enable tracing** : Specify node ID, maximum number of nodes for which - trace data should be recorded, type of data to be included for recording, - optionally application data to be included - - Example to enable tracing with a maximum of 4 nodes recorded - and the data to be recorded to include - hop limit, node id, - ingress and egress interface IDs, timestamp (millisecond precision), - application data (0x1234): - - - vpp# set ioam rewrite trace-type 0x1f trace-elts 4 trace-tsp 1 - node-id 0x1 app-data 0x1234 - - - -#### On in-band OAM transit node -- The transit node requires trace type, timestamp precision, node ID and -optionally application data to be configured, -to update its node data in the trace option. - -Example: - - vpp# set ioam rewrite trace-type 0x1f trace-elts 4 trace-tsp 1 - node-id 0x2 app-data 0x1234 - -#### On the In-band OAM decapsulating node -- The decapsulating node similar to encapsulating node requires -**classification** of the packets to remove iOAM data from. - - Example to decapsulate iOAM data for packets towards - db06::06, configure classifier and enable it as an ACL as follows: - - - vpp# classify table miss-next node ip6-lookup mask l3 ip6 dst - - vpp# classify session acl-hit-next node ip6-lookup table-index 0 - match l3 ip6 dst db06::06 opaque-index 100 - - vpp# set int input acl intfc GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip6-table 0 - - -- Decapsulating node requires trace type, timestamp precision, -node ID and optionally application data to be configured, -to update its node data in the trace option before it is decapsulated. - -Example: - - vpp# set ioam rewrite trace-type 0x1f trace-elts 4 - trace-tsp 1 node-id 0x3 app-data 0x1234 - - -### Proof of Transit configuration - -For details on proof-of-transit, -see the IETF draft [iOAM-ietf-proof-of-transit]. -To enable Proof of Transit all the nodes that participate -and hence are verified for transit need a proof of transit profile. -A script to generate a proof of transit profile as per the mechanism -described in [iOAM-ietf-proof-of-transit] will be available at [iOAM-Devnet]. - -The Proof of transit mechanism implemented here is based on -Shamir's Secret Sharing algorithm. -The overall algorithm uses two polynomials -POLY-1 and POLY-2. The degree of polynomials depends on number of nodes -to be verified for transit. -POLY-1 is secret and constant. Each node gets a point on POLY-1 -at setup-time and keeps it secret. -POLY-2 is public, random and per packet. -Each node is assigned a point on POLY-1 and POLY-2 with the same x index. -Each node derives its point on POLY-2 each time a packet arrives at it. -A node then contributes its points on POLY-1 and POLY-2 to construct -POLY-3 (POLY-3 = POLY-1 + POLY-2) using lagrange extrapolation and -forwards it towards the verifier by updating POT data in the packet. -The verifier constructs POLY-3 from the accumulated value from all the nodes -and its own points on POLY-1 and POLY-2 and verifies whether -POLY-3 = POLY-1 + POLY-2. Only the verifier knows POLY-1. -The solution leverages finite field arithmetic in a field of size "prime number" -for reasons explained in description of Shamir's secret sharing algorithm. - -Here is an explanation of POT profile list and profile configuration CLI to -realize the above mechanism. -It is best to use the script provided at [iOAM-Devnet] to generate -this configuration. -- **Create POT profile** : set pot profile name <string> id [0-1] -[validator-key 0xu64] prime-number 0xu64 secret_share 0xu64 -lpc 0xu64 polynomial2 0xu64 bits-in-random [0-64] - - name : Profile list name. - - id : Profile id, it can be 0 or 1. - A maximum of two profiles can be configured per profile list. - - validator-key : Secret key configured only on the - verifier/decapsulating node used to compare and verify proof of transit. - - prime-number : Prime number for finite field arithmetic as required by the - proof of transit mechanism. - - secret_share : Unique point for each node on the secret polynomial POLY-1. - - lpc : Lagrange Polynomial Constant(LPC) calculated per node based on - its point (x value used for evaluating the points on the polynomial) - on the polynomial used in lagrange extrapolation - for reconstructing polynomial (POLY-3). - - polynomial2 : Is the pre-evaluated value of the point on - 2nd polynomial(POLY-2). This is unique for each node. - It is pre-evaluated for all the coefficients of POLY-2 except - for the constant part of the polynomial that changes per packet - and is received as part of the POT data in the packet. - - bits-in-random : To control the size of the random number to be - generated. This number has to match the other numbers generated and used - in the profile as per the algorithm. - -- **Set a configured profile as active/in-use** : -set pot profile-active name <string> ID [0-1] - - name : Name of the profile list to be used for computing - POT data per packet. - - ID : Identifier of the profile within the list to be used. - -#### On In-band OAM encapsulating node - - Configure the classifier and apply ACL to select packets for iOAM data insertion. - - Example to enable iOAM data insertion for all the packet towards - IPv6 address db06::06 - - - - vpp# classify table miss-next node ip6-lookup mask l3 ip6 dst - - vpp# classify session acl-hit-next node - ip6-add-hop-by-hop table-index 0 match l3 ip6 dst db06::06 - - vpp# set int input acl intfc GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip6-table 0 - - - - Configure the proof of transit profile list with profiles. -Each profile list referred to by a name can contain 2 profiles, -only one is in use for updating proof of transit data at any time. - - Example profile list example with a profile generated from the - script to verify transit through 3 nodes is: - - - vpp# set pot profile name example id 0 prime-number 0x7fff0000fa884685 - secret_share 0x6c22eff0f45ec56d lpc 0x7fff0000fa884682 - polynomial2 0xffb543d4a9c bits-in-random 63 - - - Enable one of the profiles from the configured profile list as active - so that is will be used for calculating proof of transit - -Example enable profile ID 0 from profile list example configured above: - - - vpp# set pot profile-active name example ID 0 - - - - Enable POT option to be inserted - - - vpp# set ioam rewrite pot - - -#### On in-band OAM transit node - - Configure the proof of transit profile list with profiles for transit node. -Example: - - - vpp# set pot profile name example id 0 prime-number 0x7fff0000fa884685 - secret_share 0x564cdbdec4eb625d lpc 0x1 - polynomial2 0x23f3a227186a bits-in-random 63 - -#### On in-band OAM decapsulating node / verifier -- The decapsulating node, similar to the encapsulating node requires -classification of the packets to remove iOAM data from. - - Example to decapsulate iOAM data for packets towards db06::06 - configure classifier and enable it as an ACL as follows: - - - vpp# classify table miss-next node ip6-lookup mask l3 ip6 dst - - vpp# classify session acl-hit-next node ip6-lookup table-index 0 - match l3 ip6 dst db06::06 opaque-index 100 - - vpp# set int input acl intfc GigabitEthernet0/0/0 ip6-table 0 - -- To update and verify the proof of transit, POT profile list should be configured. - - Example POT profile list configured as follows: - - vpp# set pot profile name example id 0 validate-key 0x7fff0000fa88465d - prime-number 0x7fff0000fa884685 secret_share 0x7a08fbfc5b93116d lpc 0x3 - polynomial2 0x3ff738597ce bits-in-random 63 - -## Operational data - -Following CLIs are available to check iOAM operation: -- To check iOAM configuration that are effective use "show ioam summary" - -Example: - - vpp# show ioam summary - REWRITE FLOW CONFIGS - Not configured - HOP BY HOP OPTIONS - TRACE CONFIG - - Trace Type : 0x1f (31) - Trace timestamp precision : 1 (Milliseconds) - Num of trace nodes : 4 - Node-id : 0x2 (2) - App Data : 0x1234 (4660) - POT OPTION - 1 (Enabled) - Try 'show ioam pot and show pot profile' for more information - -- To find statistics about packets for which iOAM options were -added (encapsulating node) and removed (decapsulating node) execute -*show errors* - -Example on encapsulating node: - - - vpp# show error - Count Node Reason - 1208804706 ip6-inacl input ACL hits - 1208804706 ip6-add-hop-by-hop Pkts w/ added ip6 hop-by-hop options - -Example on decapsulating node: - - vpp# show error - Count Node Reason - 69508569 ip6-inacl input ACL hits - 69508569 ip6-pop-hop-by-hop Pkts w/ removed ip6 hop-by-hop options - -- To check the POT profiles use "show pot profile" - -Example: - - vpp# show pot profile - Profile list in use : example - POT Profile at index: 0 - ID : 0 - Validator : False (0) - Secret share : 0x564cdbdec4eb625d (6218586935324795485) - Prime number : 0x7fff0000fa884685 (9223090566081300101) - 2nd polynomial(eval) : 0x23f3a227186a (39529304496234) - LPC : 0x1 (1) - Bit mask : 0x7fffffffffffffff (9223372036854775807) - Profile index in use: 0 - Pkts passed : 0x36 (54) - -- To get statistics of POT for packets use "show ioam pot" - -Example at encapsulating or transit node: - - vpp# show ioam pot - Pkts with ip6 hop-by-hop POT options - 54 - Pkts with ip6 hop-by-hop POT options but no profile set - 0 - Pkts with POT in Policy - 0 - Pkts with POT out of Policy - 0 - - -Example at decapsulating/verification node: - - - vpp# show ioam pot - Pkts with ip6 hop-by-hop POT options - 54 - Pkts with ip6 hop-by-hop POT options but no profile set - 0 - Pkts with POT in Policy - 54 - Pkts with POT out of Policy - 0 - -- Tracing - enable trace of IPv6 packets to view the data inserted and -collected. - -Example when the nodes are receiving data over a DPDK interface: -Enable tracing using "trace add dpdk-input 20" and -execute "show trace" to view the iOAM data collected: - - - vpp# trace add dpdk-input 20 - - vpp# show trace - - ------------------- Start of thread 0 vpp_main ------------------- - - Packet 1 - - 00:00:19:294697: dpdk-input - GigabitEthernetb/0/0 rx queue 0 - buffer 0x10e6b: current data 0, length 214, free-list 0, totlen-nifb 0, trace 0x0 - PKT MBUF: port 0, nb_segs 1, pkt_len 214 - buf_len 2176, data_len 214, ol_flags 0x0, data_off 128, phys_addr 0xe9a35a00 - packet_type 0x0 - IP6: 00:50:56:9c:df:72 -> 00:50:56:9c:be:55 - IP6_HOP_BY_HOP_OPTIONS: db05::2 -> db06::6 - tos 0x00, flow label 0x0, hop limit 63, payload length 160 - 00:00:19:294737: ethernet-input - IP6: 00:50:56:9c:df:72 -> 00:50:56:9c:be:55 - 00:00:19:294753: ip6-input - IP6_HOP_BY_HOP_OPTIONS: db05::2 -> db06::6 - tos 0x00, flow label 0x0, hop limit 63, payload length 160 - 00:00:19:294757: ip6-lookup - fib 0 adj-idx 15 : indirect via db05::2 flow hash: 0x00000000 - IP6_HOP_BY_HOP_OPTIONS: db05::2 -> db06::6 - tos 0x00, flow label 0x0, hop limit 63, payload length 160 - 00:00:19:294802: ip6-hop-by-hop - IP6_HOP_BY_HOP: next index 5 len 96 traced 96 Trace Type 0x1f , 1 elts left - [0] ttl 0x0 node ID 0x0 ingress 0x0 egress 0x0 ts 0x0 - app 0x0 - [1] ttl 0x3e node ID 0x3 ingress 0x1 egress 0x2 ts 0xb68c2213 - app 0x1234 - [2] ttl 0x3f node ID 0x2 ingress 0x1 egress 0x2 ts 0xb68c2204 - app 0x1234 - [3] ttl 0x40 node ID 0x1 ingress 0x5 egress 0x6 ts 0xb68c2200 - app 0x1234 - POT opt present - random = 0x577a916946071950, Cumulative = 0x10b46e78a35a392d, Index = 0x0 - 00:00:19:294810: ip6-rewrite - tx_sw_if_index 1 adj-idx 14 : GigabitEthernetb/0/0 - IP6: 00:50:56:9c:be:55 -> 00:50:56:9c:df:72 flow hash: 0x00000000 - IP6: 00:50:56:9c:be:55 -> 00:50:56:9c:df:72 - IP6_HOP_BY_HOP_OPTIONS: db05::2 -> db06::6 - tos 0x00, flow label 0x0, hop limit 62, payload length 160 - 00:00:19:294814: GigabitEthernetb/0/0-output - GigabitEthernetb/0/0 - IP6: 00:50:56:9c:be:55 -> 00:50:56:9c:df:72 - IP6_HOP_BY_HOP_OPTIONS: db05::2 -> db06::6 - tos 0x00, flow label 0x0, hop limit 62, payload length 160 - 00:00:19:294820: GigabitEthernetb/0/0-tx - GigabitEthernetb/0/0 tx queue 0 - buffer 0x10e6b: current data 0, length 214, free-list 0, totlen-nifb 0, trace 0x0 - IP6: 00:50:56:9c:be:55 -> 00:50:56:9c:df:72 - - IP6_HOP_BY_HOP_OPTIONS: db05::2 -> db06::6 - - tos 0x00, flow label 0x0, hop limit 62, payload length 160 - - -[iOAM-Devnet]: <https://github.com/ciscodevnet/iOAM> -[iOAM-ietf-requirements]:<https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-brockners-inband-oam-requirements-01> -[iOAM-ietf-transport]:<https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-brockners-inband-oam-transport-01> -[iOAM-ietf-data]:<https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-brockners-inband-oam-data-01> -[iOAM-ietf-proof-of-transit]:<https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-brockners-proof-of-transit-01> |