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2017-02-16Add handling of ICMP error packets in SNAT (VPP-629)Juraj Sloboda1-8/+187
Change-Id: I8d2022b7cb3ef3da736c085bccbb5b9c057a8d76 Signed-off-by: Juraj Sloboda <jsloboda@cisco.com>
2017-02-15SNAT: add static mappings with unresolved external interface address to ↵Matus Fabian1-2/+5
snat_static_mapping_dump Change-Id: Ib560b397700fe058ad1e2970989d98e3debf54aa Signed-off-by: Matus Fabian <matfabia@cisco.com>
2017-02-15BFD: loop back echo packetsKlement Sekera3-20/+106
Change-Id: I772b63ac25ebfccaff9ab9d8d0b1445e85f21df7 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-02-14BFD: respect remote demand modeKlement Sekera2-339/+544
Change-Id: I5063d31f5305c848043afb32fcacff6e61aed79f Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-02-14make test: improve stabilityKlement Sekera6-88/+149
Disable automatic garbage collection and run it manually before running each test case to minimize stalls. Improve vpp subprocess cleanup. Reduce helper thread count to one and properly clean that thread once it's not needed. Change-Id: I3ea78ed9628552b5ef3ff29cc7bcf2d3fc42f2c3 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-02-09make test: work around scapy truncated packetsKlement Sekera2-0/+65
Under stress, it's possible to hit a race condition, when the packet header is fully written to pcap, but not all packet data - yet. Scapy is stupid enough to: 1. not detect and report this error, truncating the packet instead 2. continue munching more data from wrong offset The work around is to scan the file ahead, parse the packet header, figure out how much data we need, wait for the file to be big enough, then restore the file position back to where it was and finally let scapy parse the packet. Change-Id: I9fc71d3ebdc62ecab6c90b90f177d0eaeb09b8bb Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-02-08make test: BFD tests speedupKlement Sekera1-2/+4
Change-Id: I0b3064a311f28ebf7cd9db0a59cb04c7c25c9d58 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-02-08BFD: modify session parametersKlement Sekera4-13/+187
Change-Id: I666e5c0cc71a3693640960c93cdd1907f84fbe23 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-02-06make test: improve test filteringKlement Sekera2-4/+80
Implement fine-grained test filtering by supporting more complicated filters beside the original file name suffix filter. Change-Id: If5a166d08cffe8c58cc6cf174e6df861c34dbaa6 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-02-06make test: fix dependenciesKlement Sekera1-2/+2
checkstyle - doesn't need scapy/pexpect, remove it doc - scapy wasn't patched properly, fix it Change-Id: I65202cb14edeb239d21ce10f17d9b4fccce43d62 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-02-05Test checksyle for IP mcast testsNeale Ranns2-3/+3
Change-Id: I20b61b7e63f74b4656d84717633e06646514c5eb Signed-off-by: Neale Ranns <nranns@cisco.com>
2017-02-03pep8 compliance for test_ip6.pyNeale Ranns1-3/+3
Change-Id: If29a1eba3e7056903978de782c062589bec0137e Signed-off-by: Neale Ranns <nranns@cisco.com>
2017-02-03Next node frame over-flow after replicationNeale Ranns1-4/+12
Change-Id: I25077dd0739787de4f7512e5a70a62e8c34c28e4 Signed-off-by: Neale Ranns <nranns@cisco.com>
2017-02-03SNAT: Port allocation per protocolMatus Fabian2-9/+23
Ports are allocated per protocol (UDP, TCP, ICMP) 1:1 NAT with port is configured for specific protocol Change-Id: I37ae5eed3715b223d0620d4fdaed7a482bb7a834 Signed-off-by: Matus Fabian <matfabia@cisco.com>
2017-02-02BFD: SHA1 authenticationKlement Sekera4-112/+978
Add authentication support to BFD feature. Out of three existing authentication types, implement SHA1 (sole RFC requirement). Simple password is insecure and MD5 is discouraged by the RFC, so ignore those. Add/change APIs to allow configuring BFD authentication keys and their usage with BFD sessions. Change-Id: Ifb0fb5b19c2e72196d84c1cde919bd4c074ea415 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-31SNAT: Add outbound addresses to FIB (VPP-613)Matus Fabian1-4/+63
Add the external NAT address to the FIB as receive entries. This ensures that VPP will reply to ARP for these addresses and we don't need to enable proxy ARP on the outside interface. Change-Id: I1db153373c43fec4808845449a17085509ca588c Signed-off-by: Matus Fabian <matfabia@cisco.com>
2017-01-27IP Multicast FIB (mfib)Neale Ranns7-97/+823
- IPv[46] mfib tables with support for (*,G/m), (*,G) and (S,G) exact and longest prefix match - Replication represented via a new replicate DPO. - RPF configuration and data-plane checking - data-plane signals sent to listening control planes. The functions of multicast forwarding entries differ from their unicast conterparts, so we introduce a new mfib_table_t and mfib_entry_t objects. However, we re-use the fib_path_list to resolve and build the entry's output list. the fib_path_list provides the service to construct a replicate DPO for multicast. 'make tests' is added to with two new suites; TEST=mfib, this is invocation of the CLI command 'test mfib' which deals with many path add/remove, flag set/unset scenarios, TEST=ip-mcast, data-plane forwarding tests. Updated applications to use the new MIFB functions; - IPv6 NS/RA. - DHCPv6 unit tests for these are undated accordingly. Change-Id: I49ec37b01f1b170335a5697541c8fd30e6d3a961 Signed-off-by: Neale Ranns <nranns@cisco.com>
2017-01-27Fix make test scapy python patch issue, VPP-615Dave Wallace1-0/+1
Change-Id: I1e6798905f0049c793224a2c880f3b2cfadcf1e7 Signed-off-by: Dave Wallace <dwallacelf@gmail.com>
2017-01-27make-test: Add numbering to chapters' titlesTibor2-1/+2
Change-Id: I1e2aedba85caf903dd7a721841afe240a9791cac Signed-off-by: Tibor <tifrank@cisco.com>
2017-01-27make test: improve documentation generationKlement Sekera4-430/+432
Refactor the text to work around sphinx bug to show a proper table of contents. Change-Id: I546656ef77a95637ad7c6bf239f26262a4f306dc Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-27Add sphinx read the doc theme.Tibor2-2/+3
Change-Id: Iade7c42081378bf211b81ad29b2898518442d2ff Signed-off-by: Tibor <tifrank@cisco.com>
2017-01-27ipv4 vrf test doc cleaningJan Gelety1-6/+6
Change-Id: I0d3b47ce3c029d2ea01f9ff88a541affcbfd70db Signed-off-by: Jan Gelety <jgelety@cisco.com>
2017-01-26DHCPv[46] proxy testsNeale Ranns4-18/+882
Change-Id: I6aaf9c602cd515ed9d4416d286f9191d048c1a87 Signed-off-by: Neale Ranns <nranns@cisco.com>
2017-01-25make test: elegantly handle expected API failuresKlement Sekera2-13/+42
Allow writing simple code to expect API failure when needed: with self.vapi.expect_negative_api_retval(): do_api_call() # expected to return negative retval in response Change-Id: Id58d91d9ce38d20ad6ff7a43a6897e79ffbd23bf Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-25test adding and removing shared mcast dst tunnelsEyal Bari1-8/+39
Adds and delete 2000 multicast vxlan tunnels sharing group address to test mcast tunnel ref count code as part of the stability stage (before starting traffic tests) Change-Id: Ic50cedf80471e14431feb493104eff5ea7d5d429 Signed-off-by: Eyal Bari <ebari@cisco.com>
2017-01-25SNAT: static mappings for dhcp addressed interfaces (VPP-590)Matus Fabian2-3/+35
updated API added test Change-Id: I3f6017ecf09b924cb320c1b5f323cd33f7a37447 Signed-off-by: Matus Fabian <matfabia@cisco.com>
2017-01-23SNAT: Multiple inside interfaces (VPP-447)Matus Fabian1-25/+86
NAT only packets aimed at outside interface and in case of hairpinning Change-Id: Ida371380fce664b9434ca5ddd2369c980ff26beb Signed-off-by: Matus Fabian <matfabia@cisco.com>
2017-01-17make test: fix text output when non-interactiveKlement Sekera1-0/+8
Output everything to stdout instead of mixing stdout and stderr. Change-Id: I3146760e068fda7f1ffaaf36683d5153dcda4561 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-17BFD: IPv6 supportKlement Sekera4-86/+171
Change-Id: Iaa9538c7cca500c04cf2704e5bf87480543cfcdf Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-17make test: add checkstyle targetKlement Sekera3-3/+19
Change-Id: I59d3c3bc77474c96e1d6fa51811c1b13fb9a6c5b Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-14SNAT: IPFIX logging (VPP-445)Matus Fabian3-1/+683
Change-Id: I8450217dd43a1cd9f510e40dfb22274ffc33a4c6 Signed-off-by: Matus Fabian <matfabia@cisco.com>
2017-01-13make test: improve test results printingKlement Sekera2-4/+4
Accomodate longer test descriptions by increasing the headings size. Change-Id: I51c90b8d91feaa83b78972d0802d3054f8510f36 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-13SNAT: add API and test for NAT pool address from interfaceMatus Fabian2-1/+43
Change-Id: I2a868f736fae8d37b438c604a9284653ea415541 Signed-off-by: Matus Fabian <matfabia@cisco.com>
2017-01-12make test: fix capture handling special-caseKlement Sekera1-8/+32
Change-Id: I4fc5dce832f9a6162181967c5290e6d0daa4f9f0 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-12make test: fix typoKlement Sekera1-1/+1
Change-Id: I70b4123129aab5770a45ccde4cef4452d06386b8 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-11make test: improve documentation and PEP8 complianceKlement Sekera19-156/+468
Change-Id: Ib4f0353aab6112fcc3c3d8f0bcbed5bc4b567b9b Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-11BFD: fix bfd_udp_add APIKlement Sekera4-20/+47
Fix reporting of bs_index in the return message. Enhance test suite to cover this case. Change-Id: I37d35b850818bc1a05abe67ca919c22aeac978b6 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-11vxlan unit test - minor fixesEyal Bari3-29/+35
moved ip4_range and ip4n_range to util added n_ucast_tunnels Change-Id: I9140c4e54a0636d90a97db03da842f5183319af5 Signed-off-by: Eyal Bari <ebari@cisco.com>
2017-01-11test: ip4 vrf instances multi-context test (CSIT-492)Jan4-15/+475
- add/delete IPv4 VRF instances and verify results by parsing output of ip_fib_dump API command and by traffic Change-Id: I61ed5013adca29afd00b942f65be7bf964f38d85 Signed-off-by: Jan Gelety <jgelety@cisco.com>
2017-01-10IPv6 NS RS tests and fixesNeale Ranns4-3/+269
includes Fix for VPP-584 with API change to remove prefix length from LL programming Change-Id: If860751c35e60255fb977f73bc33e8c2649e728e Signed-off-by: Neale Ranns <nranns@cisco.com>
2017-01-09make test: Loopback interface CRUD testMatej Klotton5-28/+226
Change-Id: I0581da7a682bfe4dd6520ecf1b2ea6bd8c20b1b3 Signed-off-by: Matej Klotton <mklotton@cisco.com>
2017-01-09In python tests send NS packets to the solicited mcast address with correct ↵Neale Ranns1-3/+8
mcast MAC, rather than to quiered addr and broadcast MAC Change-Id: Idb2f8ad09ccb421b7974b8a944cb411cfb4be9d5 Signed-off-by: Neale Ranns <nranns@cisco.com>
2017-01-06Added basic tests for multicast vxlan tunnelsEyal Bari2-41/+199
unicast flood test - test headend replication multicast flood test - test flooding when a multicast vxlan tunnel is present in BD multicast receive test - verify that multicast packet are received on their corresponding unicast tunnels and that unmatched packets are dropped all tests run after adding and removing 200 mcast tunnels to test stability Change-Id: Ia05108c39ac35096a5b633cf52480a9ba87c14df Signed-off-by: Eyal Bari <ebari@cisco.com>
2017-01-03BFD: immediately honor reduced remote_min_rx intervalKlement Sekera1-24/+62
Change-Id: I7f09b45c926557d2ad0e2706b38fa56ff8194a3d Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-02make test: fix debug printKlement Sekera1-1/+1
Change-Id: Id31a1a3644bdc245f12f3c9bce211099c5ef48f8 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-02make test: rotate capture files after consuming arp/ndpKlement Sekera2-3/+9
Change-Id: I512dc07638b4539d4a75e2ac40d3acee77f0bba6 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-02make test: fix assert_nothing_captured apiKlement Sekera1-8/+9
Change-Id: I5cd11adcbd90a018deb3cd7cf157f72d9ab76e1c Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2017-01-02make test: improve test_flowperpktKlement Sekera2-146/+117
Change-Id: Id1b2bef2a93ac931a420d7a3c322d65c1fbce055 Signed-off-by: Klement Sekera <ksekera@cisco.com>
2016-12-28test: fix paths after source code moveDamjan Marion1-1/+1
Change-Id: I3100260bb697f9af2f73ad3777e8b27069c5babe Signed-off-by: Damjan Marion <damarion@cisco.com>
2016-12-23Make test support for the ipfix flow-per-pkt pluginDave Barach1-0/+222
Change-Id: I7a0d37fc2bc21dbbff1cea1b92dc24d43f971eec Signed-off-by: Dave Barach <dave@barachs.net>
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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates.
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <vlib/vlib.h>
#include <vnet/vnet.h>
#include <vnet/ip/format.h>
#include <vnet/ip/ip.h>
#include <vnet/dpo/drop_dpo.h>
#include <vnet/dpo/receive_dpo.h>
#include <vnet/dpo/load_balance_map.h>
#include <vnet/dpo/lookup_dpo.h>
#include <vnet/dpo/interface_rx_dpo.h>
#include <vnet/dpo/mpls_disposition.h>
#include <vnet/dpo/dvr_dpo.h>
#include <vnet/dpo/ip_null_dpo.h>
#include <vnet/dpo/classify_dpo.h>
#include <vnet/dpo/pw_cw.h>

#include <vnet/adj/adj.h>
#include <vnet/adj/adj_mcast.h>

#include <vnet/fib/fib_path.h>
#include <vnet/fib/fib_node.h>
#include <vnet/fib/fib_table.h>
#include <vnet/fib/fib_entry.h>
#include <vnet/fib/fib_path_list.h>
#include <vnet/fib/fib_internal.h>
#include <vnet/fib/fib_urpf_list.h>
#include <vnet/fib/mpls_fib.h>
#include <vnet/fib/fib_path_ext.h>
#include <vnet/udp/udp_encap.h>
#include <vnet/bier/bier_fmask.h>
#include <vnet/bier/bier_table.h>
#include <vnet/bier/bier_imp.h>
#include <vnet/bier/bier_disp_table.h>

/**
 * Enurmeration of path types
 */
typedef enum fib_path_type_t_ {
    /**
     * Marker. Add new types after this one.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_FIRST = 0,
    /**
     * Attached-nexthop. An interface and a nexthop are known.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP = FIB_PATH_TYPE_FIRST,
    /**
     * attached. Only the interface is known.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED,
    /**
     * recursive. Only the next-hop is known.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE,
    /**
     * special. nothing is known. so we drop.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL,
    /**
     * exclusive. user provided adj.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE,
    /**
     * deag. Link to a lookup adj in the next table
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG,
    /**
     * interface receive.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX,
    /**
     * Path resolves via a UDP encap object.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP,
    /**
     * receive. it's for-us.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE,
    /**
     * bier-imp. it's via a BIER imposition.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP,
    /**
     * bier-fmask. it's via a BIER ECMP-table.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE,
    /**
     * bier-fmask. it's via a BIER f-mask.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK,
    /**
     * via a DVR.
     */
    FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR,
} __attribute__ ((packed)) fib_path_type_t;

#define FIB_PATH_TYPES {					\
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP] = "attached-nexthop",	\
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED]          = "attached",		\
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE]         = "recursive",	        \
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL]           = "special",	        \
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE]         = "exclusive",	        \
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG]              = "deag",	                \
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX]           = "intf-rx",	        \
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP]         = "udp-encap",	        \
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE]           = "receive",	        \
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP]          = "bier-imp",	        \
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE]        = "bier-table",	        \
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK]        = "bier-fmask",	        \
    [FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR]               = "dvr",   	        \
}

/**
 * Enurmeration of path operational (i.e. derived) attributes
 */
typedef enum fib_path_oper_attribute_t_ {
    /**
     * Marker. Add new types after this one.
     */
    FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_FIRST = 0,
    /**
     * The path forms part of a recursive loop.
     */
    FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_RECURSIVE_LOOP = FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_FIRST,
    /**
     * The path is resolved
     */
    FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_RESOLVED,
    /**
     * The path has become a permanent drop.
     */
    FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_DROP,
    /**
     * Marker. Add new types before this one, then update it.
     */
    FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_LAST = FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_DROP,
} __attribute__ ((packed)) fib_path_oper_attribute_t;

/**
 * The maximum number of path operational attributes
 */
#define FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_MAX (FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_LAST + 1)

#define FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTES {					\
    [FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_RECURSIVE_LOOP] = "recursive-loop",	\
    [FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_RESOLVED]       = "resolved",	        \
    [FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_DROP]           = "drop",		        \
}

#define FOR_EACH_FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE(_item) \
    for (_item = FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_FIRST; \
	 _item <= FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_LAST; \
	 _item++)

/**
 * Path flags from the attributes
 */
typedef enum fib_path_oper_flags_t_ {
    FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_NONE = 0,
    FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RECURSIVE_LOOP = (1 << FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_RECURSIVE_LOOP),
    FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_DROP = (1 << FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_DROP),
    FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED = (1 << FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE_RESOLVED),
} __attribute__ ((packed)) fib_path_oper_flags_t;

/**
 * A FIB path
 */
typedef struct fib_path_t_ {
    /**
     * A path is a node in the FIB graph.
     */
    fib_node_t fp_node;

    /**
     * The index of the path-list to which this path belongs
     */
    u32 fp_pl_index;

    /**
     * This marks the start of the memory area used to hash
     * the path
     */
    STRUCT_MARK(path_hash_start);

    /**
     * Configuration Flags
     */
    fib_path_cfg_flags_t fp_cfg_flags;

    /**
     * The type of the path. This is the selector for the union
     */
    fib_path_type_t fp_type;

    /**
     * The protocol of the next-hop, i.e. the address family of the
     * next-hop's address. We can't derive this from the address itself
     * since the address can be all zeros
     */
    dpo_proto_t fp_nh_proto;

    /**
     * UCMP [unnormalised] weigth
     */
    u8 fp_weight;

    /**
     * A path preference. 0 is the best.
     * Only paths of the best preference, that are 'up', are considered
     * for forwarding.
     */
    u8 fp_preference;

    /**
     * per-type union of the data required to resolve the path
     */
    union {
	struct {
	    /**
	     * The next-hop
	     */
	    ip46_address_t fp_nh;
	    /**
	     * The interface
	     */
	    u32 fp_interface;
	} attached_next_hop;
	struct {
	    /**
	     * The Connected local address
	     */
	    fib_prefix_t fp_connected;
	    /**
	     * The interface
	     */
	    u32 fp_interface;
	} attached;
	struct {
	    union
	    {
		/**
		 * The next-hop
		 */
		ip46_address_t fp_ip;
		struct {
                    /**
                     * The local label to resolve through.
                     */
                    mpls_label_t fp_local_label;
                    /**
                     * The EOS bit of the resolving label
                     */
                    mpls_eos_bit_t fp_eos;
                };
	    } fp_nh;
            /**
             * The FIB table index in which to find the next-hop.
             */
            fib_node_index_t fp_tbl_id;
	} recursive;
	struct {
            /**
             * BIER FMask ID
             */
            index_t fp_bier_fmask;
	} bier_fmask;
	struct {
            /**
             * The BIER table's ID
             */
            bier_table_id_t fp_bier_tbl;
	} bier_table;
	struct {
            /**
             * The BIER imposition object
             * this is part of the path's key, since the index_t
             * of an imposition object is the object's key.
             */
            index_t fp_bier_imp;
	} bier_imp;
	struct {
	    /**
	     * The FIB index in which to perfom the next lookup
	     */
	    fib_node_index_t fp_tbl_id;
            /**
             * The RPF-ID to tag the packets with
             */
            fib_rpf_id_t fp_rpf_id;
	} deag;
	struct {
	} special;
	struct {
	    /**
	     * The user provided 'exclusive' DPO
	     */
	    dpo_id_t fp_ex_dpo;
	} exclusive;
	struct {
	    /**
	     * The interface on which the local address is configured
	     */
	    u32 fp_interface;
	    /**
	     * The next-hop
	     */
	    ip46_address_t fp_addr;
	} receive;
	struct {
	    /**
	     * The interface on which the packets will be input.
	     */
	    u32 fp_interface;
	} intf_rx;
	struct {
	    /**
	     * The UDP Encap object this path resolves through
	     */
	    u32 fp_udp_encap_id;
	} udp_encap;
	struct {
	    /**
	     * The UDP Encap object this path resolves through
	     */
	    u32 fp_classify_table_id;
	} classify;
	struct {
	    /**
	     * The interface
	     */
	    u32 fp_interface;
	} dvr;
    };
    STRUCT_MARK(path_hash_end);

    /**
     * Members in this last section represent information that is
     * dervied during resolution. It should not be copied to new paths
     * nor compared.
     */

    /**
     * Operational Flags
     */
    fib_path_oper_flags_t fp_oper_flags;

    union {
        /**
         * the resolving via fib. not part of the union, since it it not part
         * of the path's hash.
         */
        fib_node_index_t fp_via_fib;
        /**
         * the resolving bier-table
         */
        index_t fp_via_bier_tbl;
        /**
         * the resolving bier-fmask
         */
        index_t fp_via_bier_fmask;
    };

    /**
     * The Data-path objects through which this path resolves for IP.
     */
    dpo_id_t fp_dpo;

    /**
     * the index of this path in the parent's child list.
     */
    u32 fp_sibling;
} fib_path_t;

/*
 * Array of strings/names for the path types and attributes
 */
static const char *fib_path_type_names[] = FIB_PATH_TYPES;
static const char *fib_path_oper_attribute_names[] = FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTES;
static const char *fib_path_cfg_attribute_names[]  = FIB_PATH_CFG_ATTRIBUTES;

/*
 * The memory pool from which we allocate all the paths
 */
static fib_path_t *fib_path_pool;

/**
 * the logger
 */
vlib_log_class_t fib_path_logger;

/*
 * Debug macro
 */
#define FIB_PATH_DBG(_p, _fmt, _args...)                                \
{                                                                       \
    vlib_log_debug (fib_path_logger,                                    \
                    "[%U]: " _fmt,                                      \
                    format_fib_path, fib_path_get_index(_p), 0,         \
                    FIB_PATH_FORMAT_FLAGS_ONE_LINE,                     \
                    ##_args);                                           \
}

static fib_path_t *
fib_path_get (fib_node_index_t index)
{
    return (pool_elt_at_index(fib_path_pool, index));
}

static fib_node_index_t 
fib_path_get_index (fib_path_t *path)
{
    return (path - fib_path_pool);
}

static fib_node_t *
fib_path_get_node (fib_node_index_t index)
{
    return ((fib_node_t*)fib_path_get(index));
}

static fib_path_t*
fib_path_from_fib_node (fib_node_t *node)
{
    ASSERT(FIB_NODE_TYPE_PATH == node->fn_type);
    return ((fib_path_t*)node);
}

u8 *
format_fib_path (u8 * s, va_list * args)
{
    fib_node_index_t path_index = va_arg (*args, fib_node_index_t);
    u32 indent = va_arg (*args, u32);
    fib_format_path_flags_t flags =  va_arg (*args, fib_format_path_flags_t);
    vnet_main_t * vnm = vnet_get_main();
    fib_path_oper_attribute_t oattr;
    fib_path_cfg_attribute_t cattr;
    fib_path_t *path;
    const char *eol;

    if (flags & FIB_PATH_FORMAT_FLAGS_ONE_LINE)
    {
        eol = "";
    }
    else
    {
        eol = "\n";
    }

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    s = format (s, "%Upath:[%d] ", format_white_space, indent,
                fib_path_get_index(path));
    s = format (s, "pl-index:%d ", path->fp_pl_index);
    s = format (s, "%U ", format_dpo_proto, path->fp_nh_proto);
    s = format (s, "weight=%d ", path->fp_weight);
    s = format (s, "pref=%d ", path->fp_preference);
    s = format (s, "%s: ", fib_path_type_names[path->fp_type]);
    if (FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_NONE != path->fp_oper_flags) {
	s = format(s, " oper-flags:");
	FOR_EACH_FIB_PATH_OPER_ATTRIBUTE(oattr) {
	    if ((1<<oattr) & path->fp_oper_flags) {
		s = format (s, "%s,", fib_path_oper_attribute_names[oattr]);
	    }
	}
    }
    if (FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_NONE != path->fp_cfg_flags) {
	s = format(s, " cfg-flags:");
	FOR_EACH_FIB_PATH_CFG_ATTRIBUTE(cattr) {
	    if ((1<<cattr) & path->fp_cfg_flags) {
		s = format (s, "%s,", fib_path_cfg_attribute_names[cattr]);
	    }
	}
    }
    if (!(flags & FIB_PATH_FORMAT_FLAGS_ONE_LINE))
        s = format(s, "\n%U", format_white_space, indent+2);

    switch (path->fp_type)
    {
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
	s = format (s, "%U", format_ip46_address,
		    &path->attached_next_hop.fp_nh,
		    IP46_TYPE_ANY);
	if (path->fp_oper_flags & FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_DROP)
	{
	    s = format (s, " if_index:%d", path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface);
	}
	else
	{
	    s = format (s, " %U",
			format_vnet_sw_interface_name,
			vnm,
			vnet_get_sw_interface(
			    vnm,
			    path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface));
	    if (vnet_sw_interface_is_p2p(vnet_get_main(),
					 path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface))
	    {
		s = format (s, " (p2p)");
	    }
	}
	if (!dpo_id_is_valid(&path->fp_dpo))
	{
	    s = format(s, "%s%Uunresolved", eol, format_white_space, indent+2);
	}
	else
	{
	    s = format(s, "%s%U%U", eol,
		       format_white_space, indent,
                       format_dpo_id,
		       &path->fp_dpo, 13);
	}
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
	if (path->fp_oper_flags & FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_DROP)
	{
	    s = format (s, "if_index:%d", path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface);
	}
	else
	{
	    s = format (s, " %U",
			format_vnet_sw_interface_name,
			vnm,
			vnet_get_sw_interface(
			    vnm,
			    path->attached.fp_interface));
	}
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
	if (DPO_PROTO_MPLS == path->fp_nh_proto)
	{
	    s = format (s, "via %U %U",
			format_mpls_unicast_label,
			path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_local_label,
			format_mpls_eos_bit,
			path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_eos);
	}
	else
	{
	    s = format (s, "via %U",
			format_ip46_address,
			&path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_ip,
			IP46_TYPE_ANY);
	}
	s = format (s, " in fib:%d",
		    path->recursive.fp_tbl_id,
		    path->fp_via_fib); 
	s = format (s, " via-fib:%d", path->fp_via_fib); 
	s = format (s, " via-dpo:[%U:%d]",
		    format_dpo_type, path->fp_dpo.dpoi_type, 
		    path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index);

	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
        s = format (s, "UDP-encap ID:%d", path->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
        s = format (s, "via bier-table:[%U}",
                    format_bier_table_id,
                    &path->bier_table.fp_bier_tbl);
        s = format (s, " via-dpo:[%U:%d]",
                    format_dpo_type, path->fp_dpo.dpoi_type,
                    path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
	s = format (s, "via-fmask:%d", path->bier_fmask.fp_bier_fmask); 
	s = format (s, " via-dpo:[%U:%d]",
		    format_dpo_type, path->fp_dpo.dpoi_type, 
		    path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index);
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
        s = format (s, "via %U", format_bier_imp,
                    path->bier_imp.fp_bier_imp, 0, BIER_SHOW_BRIEF);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
        s = format (s, " %U",
                    format_vnet_sw_interface_name,
                    vnm,
                    vnet_get_sw_interface(
                        vnm,
                        path->dvr.fp_interface));
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
        s = format (s, " %sfib-index:%d",
                    (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RPF_ID ?  "m" : ""),
                    path->deag.fp_tbl_id);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
	if (dpo_id_is_valid(&path->fp_dpo))
	{
	    s = format(s, "%U", format_dpo_id,
		       &path->fp_dpo, indent+2);
	}
	break;
    }
    return (s);
}

/*
 * fib_path_last_lock_gone
 *
 * We don't share paths, we share path lists, so the [un]lock functions
 * are no-ops
 */
static void
fib_path_last_lock_gone (fib_node_t *node)
{
    ASSERT(0);
}

static fib_path_t*
fib_path_attached_next_hop_get_adj (fib_path_t *path,
				    vnet_link_t link,
                                    dpo_id_t *dpo)
{
    fib_node_index_t fib_path_index;
    fib_protocol_t nh_proto;
    adj_index_t ai;

    fib_path_index = fib_path_get_index(path);
    nh_proto = dpo_proto_to_fib(path->fp_nh_proto);

    if (vnet_sw_interface_is_p2p(vnet_get_main(),
				 path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface))
    {
	/*
	 * if the interface is p2p then the adj for the specific
	 * neighbour on that link will never exist. on p2p links
	 * the subnet address (the attached route) links to the
	 * auto-adj (see below), we want that adj here too.
	 */
	ai = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(nh_proto, link, &zero_addr,
                                 path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface);
    }
    else
    {
	ai = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(nh_proto, link,
                                 &path->attached_next_hop.fp_nh,
                                 path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface);
    }

    dpo_set(dpo, DPO_ADJACENCY, vnet_link_to_dpo_proto(link), ai);
    adj_unlock(ai);

    return (fib_path_get(fib_path_index));
}

static void
fib_path_attached_next_hop_set (fib_path_t *path)
{
    dpo_id_t tmp = DPO_INVALID;

    /*
     * resolve directly via the adjacency discribed by the
     * interface and next-hop
     */
    dpo_copy (&tmp, &path->fp_dpo);
    path = fib_path_attached_next_hop_get_adj(path,
                                              dpo_proto_to_link(path->fp_nh_proto),
                                              &tmp);
    dpo_copy(&path->fp_dpo, &tmp);
    dpo_reset(&tmp);
    ASSERT(dpo_is_adj(&path->fp_dpo));

    /*
     * become a child of the adjacency so we receive updates
     * when its rewrite changes
     */
    path->fp_sibling = adj_child_add(path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index,
				     FIB_NODE_TYPE_PATH,
				     fib_path_get_index(path));

    if (!vnet_sw_interface_is_up(vnet_get_main(),
                                 path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface) ||
        !adj_is_up(path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index))
    {
	path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
    }
}

static void
fib_path_attached_get_adj (fib_path_t *path,
                           vnet_link_t link,
                           dpo_id_t *dpo)
{
    fib_protocol_t nh_proto;

    nh_proto = dpo_proto_to_fib(path->fp_nh_proto);

    if (vnet_sw_interface_is_p2p(vnet_get_main(),
                                 path->attached.fp_interface))
    {
        /*
         * point-2-point interfaces do not require a glean, since
         * there is nothing to ARP. Install a rewrite/nbr adj instead
         */
        adj_index_t ai;

        ai = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(nh_proto, link, &zero_addr,
                                 path->attached.fp_interface);

        dpo_set(dpo, DPO_ADJACENCY, vnet_link_to_dpo_proto(link), ai);
        adj_unlock(ai);
    }
    else if (vnet_sw_interface_is_nbma(vnet_get_main(),
                                       path->attached.fp_interface))
    {
        dpo_copy(dpo, drop_dpo_get(path->fp_nh_proto));
    }
    else
    {
        adj_index_t ai;

        ai = adj_glean_add_or_lock(nh_proto, link,
                                   path->attached.fp_interface,
                                   &path->attached.fp_connected);
        dpo_set(dpo, DPO_ADJACENCY_GLEAN, vnet_link_to_dpo_proto(link), ai);
        adj_unlock(ai);
    }
}

/*
 * create of update the paths recursive adj
 */
static void
fib_path_recursive_adj_update (fib_path_t *path,
			       fib_forward_chain_type_t fct,
			       dpo_id_t *dpo)
{
    dpo_id_t via_dpo = DPO_INVALID;

    /*
     * get the DPO to resolve through from the via-entry
     */
    fib_entry_contribute_forwarding(path->fp_via_fib,
				    fct,
				    &via_dpo);


    /*
     * hope for the best - clear if restrictions apply.
     */
    path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;

    /*
     * Validate any recursion constraints and over-ride the via
     * adj if not met
     */
    if (path->fp_oper_flags & FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RECURSIVE_LOOP)
    {
	path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
	dpo_copy(&via_dpo, drop_dpo_get(path->fp_nh_proto));
    }
    else if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RESOLVE_HOST)
    {
	/*
	 * the via FIB must be a host route.
	 * note the via FIB just added will always be a host route
	 * since it is an RR source added host route. So what we need to
	 * check is whether the route has other sources. If it does then
	 * some other source has added it as a host route. If it doesn't
	 * then it was added only here and inherits forwarding from a cover.
	 * the cover is not a host route.
	 * The RR source is the lowest priority source, so we check if it
	 * is the best. if it is there are no other sources.
	 */
	if (fib_entry_get_best_source(path->fp_via_fib) >= FIB_SOURCE_RR)
	{
	    path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
            dpo_copy(&via_dpo, drop_dpo_get(path->fp_nh_proto));

            /*
             * PIC edge trigger. let the load-balance maps know
             */
            load_balance_map_path_state_change(fib_path_get_index(path));
	}
    }
    else if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RESOLVE_ATTACHED)
    {
	/*
	 * RR source entries inherit the flags from the cover, so
	 * we can check the via directly
	 */
	if (!(FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_ATTACHED & fib_entry_get_flags(path->fp_via_fib)))
	{
	    path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
            dpo_copy(&via_dpo, drop_dpo_get(path->fp_nh_proto));

            /*
             * PIC edge trigger. let the load-balance maps know
             */
            load_balance_map_path_state_change(fib_path_get_index(path));
	}
    }
    /*
     * check for over-riding factors on the FIB entry itself
     */
    if (!fib_entry_is_resolved(path->fp_via_fib))
    {
        path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
        dpo_copy(&via_dpo, drop_dpo_get(path->fp_nh_proto));

        /*
         * PIC edge trigger. let the load-balance maps know
         */
        load_balance_map_path_state_change(fib_path_get_index(path));
    }

    /*
     * If this path is contributing a drop, then it's not resolved
     */
    if (dpo_is_drop(&via_dpo) || load_balance_is_drop(&via_dpo))
    {
        path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
    }

    /*
     * update the path's contributed DPO
     */
    dpo_copy(dpo, &via_dpo);

    FIB_PATH_DBG(path, "recursive update:");

    dpo_reset(&via_dpo);
}

/*
 * re-evaulate the forwarding state for a via fmask path
 */
static void
fib_path_bier_fmask_update (fib_path_t *path,
                            dpo_id_t *dpo)
{
    bier_fmask_contribute_forwarding(path->bier_fmask.fp_bier_fmask, dpo);

    /*
     * if we are stakcing on the drop, then the path is not resolved
     */
    if (dpo_is_drop(dpo))
    {
        path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
    }
    else
    {
        path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
    }
}

/*
 * fib_path_is_permanent_drop
 *
 * Return !0 if the path is configured to permanently drop,
 * despite other attributes.
 */
static int
fib_path_is_permanent_drop (fib_path_t *path)
{
    return ((path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_DROP) ||
	    (path->fp_oper_flags & FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_DROP));
}

/*
 * fib_path_unresolve
 *
 * Remove our dependency on the resolution target
 */
static void
fib_path_unresolve (fib_path_t *path)
{
    /*
     * the forced drop path does not need unresolving
     */
    if (fib_path_is_permanent_drop(path))
    {
	return;
    }

    switch (path->fp_type)
    {
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
	if (FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID != path->fp_via_fib)
	{
	    fib_entry_child_remove(path->fp_via_fib,
				   path->fp_sibling);
            fib_table_entry_special_remove(path->recursive.fp_tbl_id,
                                           fib_entry_get_prefix(path->fp_via_fib),
					   FIB_SOURCE_RR);
            fib_table_unlock(path->recursive.fp_tbl_id,
                             dpo_proto_to_fib(path->fp_nh_proto),
                             FIB_SOURCE_RR);
	    path->fp_via_fib = FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID;
	}
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
        bier_fmask_child_remove(path->fp_via_bier_fmask,
                                path->fp_sibling);
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
        bier_imp_unlock(path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index);
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
        bier_table_ecmp_unlock(path->fp_via_bier_tbl);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
	if (dpo_is_adj(&path->fp_dpo))
            adj_child_remove(path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index,
                             path->fp_sibling);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
	udp_encap_unlock(path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
	dpo_reset(&path->exclusive.fp_ex_dpo);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
        /*
         * these hold only the path's DPO, which is reset below.
         */
	break;
    }

    /*
     * release the adj we were holding and pick up the
     * drop just in case.
     */
    dpo_reset(&path->fp_dpo);
    path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;

    return;
}

static fib_forward_chain_type_t
fib_path_to_chain_type (const fib_path_t *path)
{
    if (DPO_PROTO_MPLS == path->fp_nh_proto)
    {
        if (FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE == path->fp_type &&
            MPLS_EOS == path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_eos)
        {
            return (FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_EOS);
        }
        else
        {
            return (FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_NON_EOS);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        return (fib_forw_chain_type_from_dpo_proto(path->fp_nh_proto));
    }
}

/*
 * fib_path_back_walk_notify
 *
 * A back walk has reach this path.
 */
static fib_node_back_walk_rc_t
fib_path_back_walk_notify (fib_node_t *node,
			   fib_node_back_walk_ctx_t *ctx)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_from_fib_node(node);

    FIB_PATH_DBG(path, "bw:%U",
                 format_fib_node_bw_reason, ctx->fnbw_reason);

    switch (path->fp_type)
    {
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
	if (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_EVALUATE & ctx->fnbw_reason)
	{
	    /*
	     * modify the recursive adjacency to use the new forwarding
	     * of the via-fib.
	     * this update is visible to packets in flight in the DP.
	     */
	    fib_path_recursive_adj_update(
		path,
		fib_path_to_chain_type(path),
		&path->fp_dpo);
	}
	if ((FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_ADJ_UPDATE & ctx->fnbw_reason) ||
            (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_ADJ_MTU    & ctx->fnbw_reason) ||
            (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_ADJ_DOWN   & ctx->fnbw_reason))
	{
	    /*
	     * ADJ updates (complete<->incomplete) do not need to propagate to
	     * recursive entries.
	     * The only reason its needed as far back as here, is that the adj
	     * and the incomplete adj are a different DPO type, so the LBs need
	     * to re-stack.
	     * If this walk was quashed in the fib_entry, then any non-fib_path
	     * children (like tunnels that collapse out the LB when they stack)
	     * would not see the update.
	     */
	    return (FIB_NODE_BACK_WALK_CONTINUE);
	}
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
	if (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_EVALUATE & ctx->fnbw_reason)
	{
	    /*
	     * update to use the BIER fmask's new forwading
	     */
	    fib_path_bier_fmask_update(path, &path->fp_dpo);
	}
	if ((FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_ADJ_UPDATE & ctx->fnbw_reason) ||
            (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_ADJ_DOWN   & ctx->fnbw_reason))
	{
	    /*
	     * ADJ updates (complete<->incomplete) do not need to propagate to
	     * recursive entries.
	     * The only reason its needed as far back as here, is that the adj
	     * and the incomplete adj are a different DPO type, so the LBs need
	     * to re-stack.
	     * If this walk was quashed in the fib_entry, then any non-fib_path
	     * children (like tunnels that collapse out the LB when they stack)
	     * would not see the update.
	     */
	    return (FIB_NODE_BACK_WALK_CONTINUE);
	}
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
	/*
FIXME comment
	 * ADJ_UPDATE backwalk pass silently through here and up to
	 * the path-list when the multipath adj collapse occurs.
	 * The reason we do this is that the assumtption is that VPP
	 * runs in an environment where the Control-Plane is remote
	 * and hence reacts slowly to link up down. In order to remove
	 * this down link from the ECMP set quickly, we back-walk.
	 * VPP also has dedicated CPUs, so we are not stealing resources
	 * from the CP to do so.
	 */
	if (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_INTERFACE_UP & ctx->fnbw_reason)
	{
            if (path->fp_oper_flags & FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED)
            {
                /*
                 * alreday resolved. no need to walk back again
                 */
                return (FIB_NODE_BACK_WALK_CONTINUE);
            }
	    path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
	}
	if (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_INTERFACE_DOWN & ctx->fnbw_reason)
	{
            if (!(path->fp_oper_flags & FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED))
            {
                /*
                 * alreday unresolved. no need to walk back again
                 */
                return (FIB_NODE_BACK_WALK_CONTINUE);
            }
	    path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
	}
	if (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_INTERFACE_DELETE & ctx->fnbw_reason)
	{
	    /*
	     * The interface this path resolves through has been deleted.
	     * This will leave the path in a permanent drop state. The route
	     * needs to be removed and readded (and hence the path-list deleted)
	     * before it can forward again.
	     */
	    fib_path_unresolve(path);
	    path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_DROP;
	}
        if (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_ADJ_UPDATE & ctx->fnbw_reason)
	{
            /*
             * restack the DPO to pick up the correct DPO sub-type
             */
            dpo_id_t tmp = DPO_INVALID;
            uword if_is_up;

            if_is_up = vnet_sw_interface_is_up(
                           vnet_get_main(),
                           path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface);

            dpo_copy (&tmp, &path->fp_dpo);
            path = fib_path_attached_next_hop_get_adj(
                path,
                dpo_proto_to_link(path->fp_nh_proto),
                &tmp);
            dpo_copy(&path->fp_dpo, &tmp);
            dpo_reset(&tmp);

            path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
            if (if_is_up && adj_is_up(path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index))
            {
                path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
            }

            if (!if_is_up)
            {
                /*
                 * If the interface is not up there is no reason to walk
                 * back to children. if we did they would only evalute
                 * that this path is unresolved and hence it would
                 * not contribute the adjacency - so it would be wasted
                 * CPU time.
                 */
                return (FIB_NODE_BACK_WALK_CONTINUE);
            }
        }
        if (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_ADJ_DOWN & ctx->fnbw_reason)
	{
            if (!(path->fp_oper_flags & FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED))
            {
                /*
                 * alreday unresolved. no need to walk back again
                 */
                return (FIB_NODE_BACK_WALK_CONTINUE);
            }
            /*
             * the adj has gone down. the path is no longer resolved.
             */
	    path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
        }
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
	/*
	 * FIXME; this could schedule a lower priority walk, since attached
	 * routes are not usually in ECMP configurations so the backwalk to
	 * the FIB entry does not need to be high priority
	 */
	if (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_INTERFACE_UP & ctx->fnbw_reason)
	{
	    path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
	}
	if (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_INTERFACE_DOWN & ctx->fnbw_reason)
	{
	    path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
	}
	if (FIB_NODE_BW_REASON_FLAG_INTERFACE_DELETE & ctx->fnbw_reason)
	{
	    fib_path_unresolve(path);
	    path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_DROP;
	}
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
    {
        dpo_id_t via_dpo = DPO_INVALID;

        /*
         * hope for the best - clear if restrictions apply.
         */
        path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;

        udp_encap_contribute_forwarding(path->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id,
                                        path->fp_nh_proto,
                                        &via_dpo);
        /*
         * If this path is contributing a drop, then it's not resolved
         */
        if (dpo_is_drop(&via_dpo) || load_balance_is_drop(&via_dpo))
        {
            path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
        }

        /*
         * update the path's contributed DPO
         */
        dpo_copy(&path->fp_dpo, &via_dpo);
        dpo_reset(&via_dpo);
        break;
    }
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
        ASSERT(0);
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
	/*
	 * FIXME When VRF delete is allowed this will need a poke.
	 */
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
	/*
	 * these path types have no parents. so to be
	 * walked from one is unexpected.
	 */
	ASSERT(0);
	break;
    }

    /*
     * propagate the backwalk further to the path-list
     */
    fib_path_list_back_walk(path->fp_pl_index, ctx);

    return (FIB_NODE_BACK_WALK_CONTINUE);
}

static void
fib_path_memory_show (void)
{
    fib_show_memory_usage("Path",
			  pool_elts(fib_path_pool),
			  pool_len(fib_path_pool),
			  sizeof(fib_path_t));
}

/*
 * The FIB path's graph node virtual function table
 */
static const fib_node_vft_t fib_path_vft = {
    .fnv_get = fib_path_get_node,
    .fnv_last_lock = fib_path_last_lock_gone,
    .fnv_back_walk = fib_path_back_walk_notify,
    .fnv_mem_show = fib_path_memory_show,
};

static fib_path_cfg_flags_t
fib_path_route_flags_to_cfg_flags (const fib_route_path_t *rpath)
{
    fib_path_cfg_flags_t cfg_flags = FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_NONE;

    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_POP_PW_CW)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_POP_PW_CW;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_RESOLVE_VIA_HOST)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RESOLVE_HOST;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_RESOLVE_VIA_ATTACHED)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RESOLVE_ATTACHED;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_LOCAL)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_LOCAL;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_ATTACHED)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_ATTACHED;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_INTF_RX)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_INTF_RX;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_RPF_ID)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RPF_ID;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_EXCLUSIVE)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_EXCLUSIVE;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_DROP)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_DROP;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_SOURCE_LOOKUP)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_DEAG_SRC;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_ICMP_UNREACH)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_ICMP_UNREACH;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_ICMP_PROHIBIT)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_ICMP_PROHIBIT;
    if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_GLEAN)
	cfg_flags |= FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_GLEAN;

    return (cfg_flags);
}

/*
 * fib_path_create
 *
 * Create and initialise a new path object.
 * return the index of the path.
 */
fib_node_index_t
fib_path_create (fib_node_index_t pl_index,
		 const fib_route_path_t *rpath)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    pool_get(fib_path_pool, path);
    clib_memset(path, 0, sizeof(*path));

    fib_node_init(&path->fp_node,
		  FIB_NODE_TYPE_PATH);

    dpo_reset(&path->fp_dpo);
    path->fp_pl_index = pl_index;
    path->fp_nh_proto = rpath->frp_proto;
    path->fp_via_fib = FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID;
    path->fp_weight = rpath->frp_weight;
    if (0 == path->fp_weight)
    {
        /*
         * a weight of 0 is a meaningless value. We could either reject it, and thus force
         * clients to always use 1, or we can accept it and fixup approrpiately.
         */
        path->fp_weight = 1;
    }
    path->fp_preference = rpath->frp_preference;
    path->fp_cfg_flags = fib_path_route_flags_to_cfg_flags(rpath);

    /*
     * deduce the path's tpye from the parementers and save what is needed.
     */
    if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_LOCAL)
    {
        path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE;
        path->receive.fp_interface = rpath->frp_sw_if_index;
        path->receive.fp_addr = rpath->frp_addr;
    }
    else if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_UDP_ENCAP)
    {
        path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP;
        path->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id = rpath->frp_udp_encap_id;
    }
    else if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_INTF_RX)
    {
        path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX;
        path->intf_rx.fp_interface = rpath->frp_sw_if_index;
    }
    else if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RPF_ID)
    {
        path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG;
        path->deag.fp_tbl_id = rpath->frp_fib_index;
        path->deag.fp_rpf_id = rpath->frp_rpf_id;
    }
    else if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_BIER_FMASK)
    {
        path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK;
        path->bier_fmask.fp_bier_fmask = rpath->frp_bier_fmask;
    }
    else if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_BIER_IMP)
    {
        path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP;
        path->bier_imp.fp_bier_imp = rpath->frp_bier_imp;
    }
    else if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_BIER_TABLE)
    {
        path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE;
        path->bier_table.fp_bier_tbl = rpath->frp_bier_tbl;
    }
    else if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_DEAG)
    {
	path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG;
	path->deag.fp_tbl_id = rpath->frp_fib_index;
    }
    else if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_DVR)
    {
	path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR;
	path->dvr.fp_interface = rpath->frp_sw_if_index;
    }
    else if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_EXCLUSIVE)
    {
	path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE;
	dpo_copy(&path->exclusive.fp_ex_dpo, &rpath->dpo);
    }
    else if ((path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_ICMP_PROHIBIT) ||
        (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_ICMP_UNREACH))
    {
        path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL;
    }
    else if ((path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_CLASSIFY))
    {
        path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL;
        path->classify.fp_classify_table_id = rpath->frp_classify_table_id;
    }
    else if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_GLEAN)
    {
        path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED;
        path->attached.fp_interface = rpath->frp_sw_if_index;
        path->attached.fp_connected = rpath->frp_connected;
    }
    else if (~0 != rpath->frp_sw_if_index)
    {
        if (ip46_address_is_zero(&rpath->frp_addr))
        {
            path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED;
            path->attached.fp_interface = rpath->frp_sw_if_index;
        }
        else
        {
            path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP;
            path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface = rpath->frp_sw_if_index;
            path->attached_next_hop.fp_nh = rpath->frp_addr;
        }
    }
    else
    {
	if (ip46_address_is_zero(&rpath->frp_addr))
	{
	    if (~0 == rpath->frp_fib_index)
	    {
		path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL;
	    }
	    else
	    {
		path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG;
		path->deag.fp_tbl_id = rpath->frp_fib_index;
                path->deag.fp_rpf_id = ~0;
	    }
	}
	else
	{
	    path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE;
	    if (DPO_PROTO_MPLS == path->fp_nh_proto)
	    {
		path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_local_label = rpath->frp_local_label;
                path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_eos = rpath->frp_eos;
	    }
	    else
	    {
		path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_ip = rpath->frp_addr;
	    }
            path->recursive.fp_tbl_id = rpath->frp_fib_index;
	}
    }

    FIB_PATH_DBG(path, "create");

    return (fib_path_get_index(path));
}

/*
 * fib_path_create_special
 *
 * Create and initialise a new path object.
 * return the index of the path.
 */
fib_node_index_t
fib_path_create_special (fib_node_index_t pl_index,
			 dpo_proto_t nh_proto,
			 fib_path_cfg_flags_t flags,
			 const dpo_id_t *dpo)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    pool_get(fib_path_pool, path);
    clib_memset(path, 0, sizeof(*path));

    fib_node_init(&path->fp_node,
		  FIB_NODE_TYPE_PATH);
    dpo_reset(&path->fp_dpo);

    path->fp_pl_index = pl_index;
    path->fp_weight = 1;
    path->fp_preference = 0;
    path->fp_nh_proto = nh_proto;
    path->fp_via_fib = FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID;
    path->fp_cfg_flags = flags;

    if (FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_DROP & flags)
    {
	path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL;
    }
    else if (FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_LOCAL & flags)
    {
	path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE;
	path->attached.fp_interface = FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID;
    }
    else
    {
	path->fp_type = FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE;
	ASSERT(NULL != dpo);
	dpo_copy(&path->exclusive.fp_ex_dpo, dpo);
    }

    return (fib_path_get_index(path));
}

/*
 * fib_path_copy
 *
 * Copy a path. return index of new path.
 */
fib_node_index_t
fib_path_copy (fib_node_index_t path_index,
	       fib_node_index_t path_list_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path, *orig_path;

    pool_get(fib_path_pool, path);

    orig_path = fib_path_get(path_index);
    ASSERT(NULL != orig_path);

    clib_memcpy(path, orig_path, sizeof(*path));

    FIB_PATH_DBG(path, "create-copy:%d", path_index);

    /*
     * reset the dynamic section
     */
    fib_node_init(&path->fp_node, FIB_NODE_TYPE_PATH);
    path->fp_oper_flags     = FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_NONE;
    path->fp_pl_index  = path_list_index;
    path->fp_via_fib   = FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID;
    clib_memset(&path->fp_dpo, 0, sizeof(path->fp_dpo));
    dpo_reset(&path->fp_dpo);

    return (fib_path_get_index(path));
}

/*
 * fib_path_destroy
 *
 * destroy a path that is no longer required
 */
void
fib_path_destroy (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    ASSERT(NULL != path);
    FIB_PATH_DBG(path, "destroy");

    fib_path_unresolve(path);

    fib_node_deinit(&path->fp_node);
    pool_put(fib_path_pool, path);
}

/*
 * fib_path_destroy
 *
 * destroy a path that is no longer required
 */
uword
fib_path_hash (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    return (hash_memory(STRUCT_MARK_PTR(path, path_hash_start),
			(STRUCT_OFFSET_OF(fib_path_t, path_hash_end) -
			 STRUCT_OFFSET_OF(fib_path_t, path_hash_start)),
			0));
}

/*
 * fib_path_cmp_i
 *
 * Compare two paths for equivalence.
 */
static int
fib_path_cmp_i (const fib_path_t *path1,
		const fib_path_t *path2)
{
    int res;

    res = 1;

    /*
     * paths of different types and protocol are not equal.
     * different weights and/or preference only are the same path.
     */
    if (path1->fp_type != path2->fp_type)
    {
	res = (path1->fp_type - path2->fp_type);
    }
    else if (path1->fp_nh_proto != path2->fp_nh_proto)
    {
	res = (path1->fp_nh_proto - path2->fp_nh_proto);
    }
    else
    {
	/*
	 * both paths are of the same type.
	 * consider each type and its attributes in turn.
	 */
	switch (path1->fp_type)
	{
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
	    res = ip46_address_cmp(&path1->attached_next_hop.fp_nh,
				   &path2->attached_next_hop.fp_nh);
	    if (0 == res) {
		res = (path1->attached_next_hop.fp_interface -
                       path2->attached_next_hop.fp_interface);
	    }
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
	    res = (path1->attached.fp_interface -
                   path2->attached.fp_interface);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
	    res = ip46_address_cmp(&path1->recursive.fp_nh.fp_ip,
				   &path2->recursive.fp_nh.fp_ip);
 
	    if (0 == res)
	    {
		res = (path1->recursive.fp_tbl_id - path2->recursive.fp_tbl_id);
	    }
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
            res = (path1->bier_fmask.fp_bier_fmask -
                   path2->bier_fmask.fp_bier_fmask);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
            res = (path1->bier_imp.fp_bier_imp -
                   path2->bier_imp.fp_bier_imp);
	    break;
        case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
            res = bier_table_id_cmp(&path1->bier_table.fp_bier_tbl,
                                    &path2->bier_table.fp_bier_tbl);
            break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
	    res = (path1->deag.fp_tbl_id - path2->deag.fp_tbl_id);
	    if (0 == res)
	    {
                res = (path1->deag.fp_rpf_id - path2->deag.fp_rpf_id);
            }
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
	    res = (path1->intf_rx.fp_interface - path2->intf_rx.fp_interface);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
	    res = (path1->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id - path2->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
	    res = (path1->dvr.fp_interface - path2->dvr.fp_interface);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
	    res = dpo_cmp(&path1->exclusive.fp_ex_dpo, &path2->exclusive.fp_ex_dpo);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
	    res = 0;
	    break;
	}
    }
    return (res);
}

/*
 * fib_path_cmp_for_sort
 *
 * Compare two paths for equivalence. Used during path sorting.
 * As usual 0 means equal.
 */
int
fib_path_cmp_for_sort (void * v1,
		       void * v2)
{
    fib_node_index_t *pi1 = v1, *pi2 = v2;
    fib_path_t *path1, *path2;

    path1 = fib_path_get(*pi1);
    path2 = fib_path_get(*pi2);

    /*
     * when sorting paths we want the highest preference paths
     * first, so that the choices set built is in prefernce order
     */
    if (path1->fp_preference != path2->fp_preference)
    {
	return (path1->fp_preference - path2->fp_preference);
    }

    return (fib_path_cmp_i(path1, path2));
}

/*
 * fib_path_cmp
 *
 * Compare two paths for equivalence.
 */
int
fib_path_cmp (fib_node_index_t pi1,
	      fib_node_index_t pi2)
{
    fib_path_t *path1, *path2;

    path1 = fib_path_get(pi1);
    path2 = fib_path_get(pi2);

    return (fib_path_cmp_i(path1, path2));
}

int
fib_path_cmp_w_route_path (fib_node_index_t path_index,
			   const fib_route_path_t *rpath)
{
    fib_path_t *path;
    int res;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    res = 1;

    if (path->fp_weight != rpath->frp_weight)
    {
	res = (path->fp_weight - rpath->frp_weight);
    }
    else
    {
	/*
	 * both paths are of the same type.
	 * consider each type and its attributes in turn.
	 */
	switch (path->fp_type)
	{
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
	    res = ip46_address_cmp(&path->attached_next_hop.fp_nh,
				   &rpath->frp_addr);
	    if (0 == res)
	    {
		res = (path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface -
                       rpath->frp_sw_if_index);
	    }
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
	    res = (path->attached.fp_interface - rpath->frp_sw_if_index);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
            if (DPO_PROTO_MPLS == path->fp_nh_proto)
            {
                res = path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_local_label - rpath->frp_local_label;

                if (res == 0)
                {
                    res = path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_eos - rpath->frp_eos;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                res = ip46_address_cmp(&path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_ip,
                                       &rpath->frp_addr);
            }

            if (0 == res)
            {
                res = (path->recursive.fp_tbl_id - rpath->frp_fib_index);
            }
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
            res = (path->bier_fmask.fp_bier_fmask - rpath->frp_bier_fmask);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
            res = (path->bier_imp.fp_bier_imp - rpath->frp_bier_imp);
	    break;
        case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
            res = bier_table_id_cmp(&path->bier_table.fp_bier_tbl,
                                    &rpath->frp_bier_tbl);
            break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
	    res = (path->intf_rx.fp_interface - rpath->frp_sw_if_index);
            break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
	    res = (path->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id - rpath->frp_udp_encap_id);
            break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
	    res = (path->deag.fp_tbl_id - rpath->frp_fib_index);
	    if (0 == res)
            {
                res = (path->deag.fp_rpf_id - rpath->frp_rpf_id);
            }
            break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
	    res = (path->dvr.fp_interface - rpath->frp_sw_if_index);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
	    res = dpo_cmp(&path->exclusive.fp_ex_dpo, &rpath->dpo);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
            if (rpath->frp_flags & FIB_ROUTE_PATH_LOCAL)
            {
                res = 0;
            }
            else
            {
                res = 1;
            }
            break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
	    res = 0;
	    break;
	}
    }
    return (res);
}

/*
 * fib_path_recursive_loop_detect
 *
 * A forward walk of the FIB object graph to detect for a cycle/loop. This
 * walk is initiated when an entry is linking to a new path list or from an old.
 * The entry vector passed contains all the FIB entrys that are children of this
 * path (it is all the entries encountered on the walk so far). If this vector
 * contains the entry this path resolve via, then a loop is about to form.
 * The loop must be allowed to form, since we need the dependencies in place
 * so that we can track when the loop breaks.
 * However, we MUST not produce a loop in the forwarding graph (else packets
 * would loop around the switch path until the loop breaks), so we mark recursive
 * paths as looped so that they do not contribute forwarding information.
 * By marking the path as looped, an etry such as;
 *    X/Y
 *     via a.a.a.a (looped)
 *     via b.b.b.b (not looped)
 * can still forward using the info provided by b.b.b.b only
 */
int
fib_path_recursive_loop_detect (fib_node_index_t path_index,
				fib_node_index_t **entry_indicies)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    /*
     * the forced drop path is never looped, cos it is never resolved.
     */
    if (fib_path_is_permanent_drop(path))
    {
	return (0);
    }

    switch (path->fp_type)
    {
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
    {
	fib_node_index_t *entry_index, *entries;
	int looped = 0;
	entries = *entry_indicies;

	vec_foreach(entry_index, entries) {
	    if (*entry_index == path->fp_via_fib)
	    {
		/*
		 * the entry that is about to link to this path-list (or
		 * one of this path-list's children) is the same entry that
		 * this recursive path resolves through. this is a cycle.
		 * abort the walk.
		 */
		looped = 1;
		break;
	    }
	}

	if (looped)
	{
	    FIB_PATH_DBG(path, "recursive loop formed");
	    path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RECURSIVE_LOOP;

	    dpo_copy(&path->fp_dpo, drop_dpo_get(path->fp_nh_proto));
	}
	else
	{
	    /*
	     * no loop here yet. keep forward walking the graph.
	     */
	    if (fib_entry_recursive_loop_detect(path->fp_via_fib, entry_indicies))
	    {
		FIB_PATH_DBG(path, "recursive loop formed");
		path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RECURSIVE_LOOP;
	    }
	    else
	    {
		FIB_PATH_DBG(path, "recursive loop cleared");
		path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RECURSIVE_LOOP;
	    }
	}
	break;
    }
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
	if (dpo_is_adj(&path->fp_dpo) &&
            adj_recursive_loop_detect(path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index,
                                      entry_indicies))
	{
	    FIB_PATH_DBG(path, "recursive loop formed");
	    path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RECURSIVE_LOOP;
	}
        else
        {
            FIB_PATH_DBG(path, "recursive loop cleared");
            path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RECURSIVE_LOOP;
        }
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
	/*
	 * these path types cannot be part of a loop, since they are the leaves
	 * of the graph.
	 */
	break;
    }

    return (fib_path_is_looped(path_index));
}

int
fib_path_resolve (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    /*
     * hope for the best.
     */
    path->fp_oper_flags |= FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;

    /*
     * the forced drop path resolves via the drop adj
     */
    if (fib_path_is_permanent_drop(path))
    {
	dpo_copy(&path->fp_dpo, drop_dpo_get(path->fp_nh_proto));
	path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
	return (fib_path_is_resolved(path_index));
    }

    switch (path->fp_type)
    {
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
	fib_path_attached_next_hop_set(path);
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
    {
        dpo_id_t tmp = DPO_INVALID;

        /*
         * path->attached.fp_interface
         */
        if (!vnet_sw_interface_is_up(vnet_get_main(),
                                     path->attached.fp_interface))
        {
            path->fp_oper_flags &= ~FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED;
        }
        fib_path_attached_get_adj(path,
                                  dpo_proto_to_link(path->fp_nh_proto),
                                  &tmp);

        /*
         * re-fetch after possible mem realloc
         */
        path = fib_path_get(path_index);
        dpo_copy(&path->fp_dpo, &tmp);

        /*
         * become a child of the adjacency so we receive updates
         * when the interface state changes
         */
        if (dpo_is_adj(&path->fp_dpo))
        {
            path->fp_sibling = adj_child_add(path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index,
                                             FIB_NODE_TYPE_PATH,
                                             fib_path_get_index(path));
        }
        dpo_reset(&tmp);
	break;
    }
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
    {
	/*
	 * Create a RR source entry in the table for the address
	 * that this path recurses through.
	 * This resolve action is recursive, hence we may create
	 * more paths in the process. more creates mean maybe realloc
	 * of this path.
	 */
	fib_node_index_t fei;
	fib_prefix_t pfx;

	ASSERT(FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID == path->fp_via_fib);

	if (DPO_PROTO_MPLS == path->fp_nh_proto)
	{
	    fib_prefix_from_mpls_label(path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_local_label,
                                       path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_eos,
                                       &pfx);
	}
	else
	{
	    fib_prefix_from_ip46_addr(&path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_ip, &pfx);
	}

        fib_table_lock(path->recursive.fp_tbl_id,
                       dpo_proto_to_fib(path->fp_nh_proto),
                       FIB_SOURCE_RR);
	fei = fib_table_entry_special_add(path->recursive.fp_tbl_id,
					  &pfx,
					  FIB_SOURCE_RR,
					  FIB_ENTRY_FLAG_NONE);

	path = fib_path_get(path_index);
	path->fp_via_fib = fei;

	/*
	 * become a dependent child of the entry so the path is 
	 * informed when the forwarding for the entry changes.
	 */
	path->fp_sibling = fib_entry_child_add(path->fp_via_fib,
					       FIB_NODE_TYPE_PATH,
					       fib_path_get_index(path));

	/*
	 * create and configure the IP DPO
	 */
	fib_path_recursive_adj_update(
	    path,
	    fib_path_to_chain_type(path),
	    &path->fp_dpo);

	break;
    }
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
    {
        /*
         * become a dependent child of the entry so the path is
         * informed when the forwarding for the entry changes.
         */
        path->fp_sibling = bier_fmask_child_add(path->bier_fmask.fp_bier_fmask,
                                                FIB_NODE_TYPE_PATH,
                                                fib_path_get_index(path));

        path->fp_via_bier_fmask = path->bier_fmask.fp_bier_fmask;
        fib_path_bier_fmask_update(path, &path->fp_dpo);

        break;
    }
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
        bier_imp_lock(path->bier_imp.fp_bier_imp);
        bier_imp_contribute_forwarding(path->bier_imp.fp_bier_imp,
                                       DPO_PROTO_IP4,
                                       &path->fp_dpo);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
    {
        /*
         * Find/create the BIER table to link to
         */
        ASSERT(FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID == path->fp_via_bier_tbl);

        path->fp_via_bier_tbl =
            bier_table_ecmp_create_and_lock(&path->bier_table.fp_bier_tbl);

        bier_table_contribute_forwarding(path->fp_via_bier_tbl,
                                         &path->fp_dpo);
        break;
    }
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
        if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_ICMP_PROHIBIT)
        {
            ip_null_dpo_add_and_lock (path->fp_nh_proto,
                                      IP_NULL_ACTION_SEND_ICMP_PROHIBIT,
                                      &path->fp_dpo);
        }
        else if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_ICMP_UNREACH)
        {
            ip_null_dpo_add_and_lock (path->fp_nh_proto,
                                      IP_NULL_ACTION_SEND_ICMP_UNREACH,
                                      &path->fp_dpo);
        }
        else if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_CLASSIFY)
        {
            dpo_set (&path->fp_dpo, DPO_CLASSIFY,
                     path->fp_nh_proto,
                     classify_dpo_create (path->fp_nh_proto,
                                          path->classify.fp_classify_table_id));
        }
        else
        {
            /*
             * Resolve via the drop
             */
            dpo_copy(&path->fp_dpo, drop_dpo_get(path->fp_nh_proto));
        }
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
    {
        if (DPO_PROTO_BIER == path->fp_nh_proto)
        {
            bier_disp_table_contribute_forwarding(path->deag.fp_tbl_id,
                                                  &path->fp_dpo);
        }
        else
        {
            /*
             * Resolve via a lookup DPO.
             * FIXME. control plane should add routes with a table ID
             */
            lookup_input_t input;
            lookup_cast_t cast;

            cast = (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RPF_ID ?
                    LOOKUP_MULTICAST :
                    LOOKUP_UNICAST);
            input = (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_DEAG_SRC ?
                     LOOKUP_INPUT_SRC_ADDR :
                     LOOKUP_INPUT_DST_ADDR);

            lookup_dpo_add_or_lock_w_fib_index(path->deag.fp_tbl_id,
                                               path->fp_nh_proto,
                                               cast,
                                               input,
                                               LOOKUP_TABLE_FROM_CONFIG,
                                               &path->fp_dpo);
        }
        break;
    }
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
        dvr_dpo_add_or_lock(path->dvr.fp_interface,
                            path->fp_nh_proto,
                            &path->fp_dpo);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
	/*
	 * Resolve via a receive DPO.
	 */
	receive_dpo_add_or_lock(path->fp_nh_proto,
                                path->receive.fp_interface,
                                &path->receive.fp_addr,
                                &path->fp_dpo);
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
        udp_encap_lock(path->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id);
        udp_encap_contribute_forwarding(path->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id,
                                        path->fp_nh_proto,
                                        &path->fp_dpo);
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX: {
	/*
	 * Resolve via a receive DPO.
	 */
	interface_rx_dpo_add_or_lock(path->fp_nh_proto,
                                     path->intf_rx.fp_interface,
                                     &path->fp_dpo);
	break;
    }
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
	/*
	 * Resolve via the user provided DPO
	 */
	dpo_copy(&path->fp_dpo, &path->exclusive.fp_ex_dpo);
	break;
    }

    return (fib_path_is_resolved(path_index));
}

u32
fib_path_get_resolving_interface (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    switch (path->fp_type)
    {
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
	return (path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface);
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
	return (path->attached.fp_interface);
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
	return (path->receive.fp_interface);
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
        if (fib_path_is_resolved(path_index))
        {
            return (fib_entry_get_resolving_interface(path->fp_via_fib));
        }
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
	return (path->dvr.fp_interface);
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
	break;
    }
    return (dpo_get_urpf(&path->fp_dpo));
}

index_t
fib_path_get_resolving_index (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    switch (path->fp_type)
    {
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
        break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
	return (path->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id);
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
	return (path->fp_via_fib);
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
 	return (path->bier_fmask.fp_bier_fmask);
   case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
       return (path->fp_via_bier_tbl);
   case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
       return (path->bier_imp.fp_bier_imp);
    }
    return (~0);
}

adj_index_t
fib_path_get_adj (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    if (dpo_is_adj(&path->fp_dpo))
    {
	return (path->fp_dpo.dpoi_index);
    }
    return (ADJ_INDEX_INVALID);
}

u16
fib_path_get_weight (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    ASSERT(path);

    return (path->fp_weight);
}

u16
fib_path_get_preference (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    ASSERT(path);

    return (path->fp_preference);
}

u32
fib_path_get_rpf_id (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    ASSERT(path);

    if (FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RPF_ID & path->fp_cfg_flags)
    {
        return (path->deag.fp_rpf_id);
    }

    return (~0);
}

/**
 * @brief Contribute the path's adjacency to the list passed.
 * By calling this function over all paths, recursively, a child
 * can construct its full set of forwarding adjacencies, and hence its
 * uRPF list.
 */
void
fib_path_contribute_urpf (fib_node_index_t path_index,
			  index_t urpf)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    /*
     * resolved and unresolved paths contribute to the RPF list.
     */
    switch (path->fp_type)
    {
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
	fib_urpf_list_append(urpf, path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface);
	break;

    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
	fib_urpf_list_append(urpf, path->attached.fp_interface);
	break;

    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
        if (FIB_NODE_INDEX_INVALID != path->fp_via_fib &&
	    !fib_path_is_looped(path_index))
        {
            /*
             * there's unresolved due to constraints, and there's unresolved
             * due to ain't got no via. can't do nowt w'out via.
             */
            fib_entry_contribute_urpf(path->fp_via_fib, urpf);
        }
	break;

    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
    {
        /*
	 * these path types may link to an adj, if that's what
	 * the clinet gave
	 */
        u32 rpf_sw_if_index;

        rpf_sw_if_index = dpo_get_urpf(&path->fp_dpo);

        if (~0 != rpf_sw_if_index)
	{
	    fib_urpf_list_append(urpf, rpf_sw_if_index);
	}
	break;
    }
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
	fib_urpf_list_append(urpf, path->dvr.fp_interface);
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
        fib_urpf_list_append(urpf, path->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id);
	break;
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
	/*
	 * these path types don't link to an adj
	 */
	break;
    }
}

void
fib_path_stack_mpls_disp (fib_node_index_t path_index,
                          dpo_proto_t payload_proto,
                          fib_mpls_lsp_mode_t mode,
                          dpo_id_t *dpo)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    ASSERT(path);

    switch (path->fp_type)
    {
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
    {
        dpo_id_t tmp = DPO_INVALID;

        dpo_copy(&tmp, dpo);

        mpls_disp_dpo_create(payload_proto, ~0, mode, &tmp, dpo);
        dpo_reset(&tmp);
        break;
    }                
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
    {
        dpo_id_t tmp = DPO_INVALID;

        dpo_copy(&tmp, dpo);

        mpls_disp_dpo_create(payload_proto,
                             path->deag.fp_rpf_id,
                             mode, &tmp, dpo);
        dpo_reset(&tmp);
        break;
    }
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
    case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
        break;
    }

    if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_POP_PW_CW)
    {
        dpo_id_t tmp = DPO_INVALID;

        dpo_copy(&tmp, dpo);

        pw_cw_dpo_create(&tmp, dpo);
        dpo_reset(&tmp);
    }
}

void
fib_path_contribute_forwarding (fib_node_index_t path_index,
				fib_forward_chain_type_t fct,
				dpo_id_t *dpo)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    ASSERT(path);
    ASSERT(FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_EOS != fct);

    /*
     * The DPO stored in the path was created when the path was resolved.
     * This then represents the path's 'native' protocol; IP.
     * For all others will need to go find something else.
     */
    if (fib_path_to_chain_type(path) == fct)
    {
	dpo_copy(dpo, &path->fp_dpo);
    }
    else
    {
	switch (path->fp_type)
	{
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
	    switch (fct)
	    {
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP6:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_EOS:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_NON_EOS:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_ETHERNET:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_NSH:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP4:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP6:
                {
                    dpo_id_t tmp = DPO_INVALID;
                    dpo_copy (&tmp, dpo);
                    path = fib_path_attached_next_hop_get_adj(
                           path,
                           fib_forw_chain_type_to_link_type(fct),
                           &tmp);
                    dpo_copy (dpo, &tmp);
                    dpo_reset(&tmp);
                    break;
                }
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_BIER:
		break;
	    }
            break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
	    switch (fct)
	    {
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_EOS:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP6:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_NON_EOS:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP4:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP6:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_BIER:
		fib_path_recursive_adj_update(path, fct, dpo);
		break;
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_ETHERNET:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_NSH:
		ASSERT(0);
		break;
	    }
	    break;
        case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_TABLE:
            switch (fct)
            {
            case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_BIER:
                bier_table_contribute_forwarding(path->fp_via_bier_tbl, dpo);
                break;
            case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_EOS:
            case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4:
            case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP6:
            case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_NON_EOS:
            case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP4:
            case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP6:
            case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_ETHERNET:
            case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_NSH:
                ASSERT(0);
                break;
            }
            break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
	    switch (fct)
	    {
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_BIER:
		fib_path_bier_fmask_update(path, dpo);
		break;
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_EOS:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP6:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_NON_EOS:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP4:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP6:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_ETHERNET:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_NSH:
		ASSERT(0);
		break;
	    }
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_IMP:
            bier_imp_contribute_forwarding(path->bier_imp.fp_bier_imp,
                                           fib_forw_chain_type_to_dpo_proto(fct),
                                           dpo);
	    break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
            switch (fct)
	    {
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_NON_EOS:
                lookup_dpo_add_or_lock_w_table_id(MPLS_FIB_DEFAULT_TABLE_ID,
                                                  DPO_PROTO_MPLS,
                                                  LOOKUP_UNICAST,
                                                  LOOKUP_INPUT_DST_ADDR,
                                                  LOOKUP_TABLE_FROM_CONFIG,
                                                  dpo);
                break;
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_EOS:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP6:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP4:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP6:
		dpo_copy(dpo, &path->fp_dpo);
		break;
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_BIER:
		break;
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_ETHERNET:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_NSH:
		ASSERT(0);
		break;
            }
            break;
	case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
	    dpo_copy(dpo, &path->exclusive.fp_ex_dpo);
	    break;
        case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
	    switch (fct)
	    {
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_NON_EOS:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP4:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_UNICAST_IP6:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MPLS_EOS:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_ETHERNET:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_NSH:
            case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_BIER:
                fib_path_attached_get_adj(path,
                                          fib_forw_chain_type_to_link_type(fct),
                                          dpo);
                break;
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP4:
	    case FIB_FORW_CHAIN_TYPE_MCAST_IP6:
                {
                    adj_index_t ai;

                    /*
                     * Create the adj needed for sending IP multicast traffic
                     */
                    if (vnet_sw_interface_is_p2p(vnet_get_main(),
                                                 path->attached.fp_interface))
                    {
                        /*
                         * point-2-point interfaces do not require a glean, since
                         * there is nothing to ARP. Install a rewrite/nbr adj instead
                         */
                        ai = adj_nbr_add_or_lock(dpo_proto_to_fib(path->fp_nh_proto),
                                                 fib_forw_chain_type_to_link_type(fct),
                                                 &zero_addr,
                                                 path->attached.fp_interface);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        ai = adj_mcast_add_or_lock(dpo_proto_to_fib(path->fp_nh_proto),
                                                   fib_forw_chain_type_to_link_type(fct),
                                                   path->attached.fp_interface);
                    }
                    dpo_set(dpo, DPO_ADJACENCY,
                            fib_forw_chain_type_to_dpo_proto(fct),
                            ai);
                    adj_unlock(ai);
                }
                break;
            }
            break;
        case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
            /*
             * Create the adj needed for sending IP multicast traffic
             */
            interface_rx_dpo_add_or_lock(fib_forw_chain_type_to_dpo_proto(fct),
                                         path->attached.fp_interface,
                                         dpo);
            break;
        case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
            udp_encap_contribute_forwarding(path->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id,
                                            path->fp_nh_proto,
                                            dpo);
            break;
        case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
        case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
        case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
            dpo_copy(dpo, &path->fp_dpo);
            break;
	}
    }
}

load_balance_path_t *
fib_path_append_nh_for_multipath_hash (fib_node_index_t path_index,
				       fib_forward_chain_type_t fct,
				       load_balance_path_t *hash_key)
{
    load_balance_path_t *mnh;
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    ASSERT(path);

    vec_add2(hash_key, mnh, 1);

    mnh->path_weight = path->fp_weight;
    mnh->path_index = path_index;

    if (fib_path_is_resolved(path_index))
    {
        fib_path_contribute_forwarding(path_index, fct, &mnh->path_dpo);
    }
    else
    {
        dpo_copy(&mnh->path_dpo,
                 drop_dpo_get(fib_forw_chain_type_to_dpo_proto(fct)));
    }
    return (hash_key);
}

int
fib_path_is_recursive_constrained (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    return ((FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE == path->fp_type) &&
            ((path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RESOLVE_ATTACHED) ||
             (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RESOLVE_HOST)));
}

int
fib_path_is_exclusive (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    return (FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE == path->fp_type);
}

int
fib_path_is_deag (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    return (FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG == path->fp_type);
}

int
fib_path_is_resolved (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    return (dpo_id_is_valid(&path->fp_dpo) &&
	    (path->fp_oper_flags & FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RESOLVED) &&
	    !fib_path_is_looped(path_index) &&
	    !fib_path_is_permanent_drop(path));
}

int
fib_path_is_looped (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    return (path->fp_oper_flags & FIB_PATH_OPER_FLAG_RECURSIVE_LOOP);
}

fib_path_list_walk_rc_t
fib_path_encode (fib_node_index_t path_list_index,
                 fib_node_index_t path_index,
                 const fib_path_ext_t *path_ext,
                 void *args)
{
    fib_path_encode_ctx_t *ctx = args;
    fib_route_path_t *rpath;
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);
    if (!path)
      return (FIB_PATH_LIST_WALK_CONTINUE);

    vec_add2(ctx->rpaths, rpath, 1);
    rpath->frp_weight = path->fp_weight;
    rpath->frp_preference = path->fp_preference;
    rpath->frp_proto = path->fp_nh_proto;
    rpath->frp_sw_if_index = ~0;
    rpath->frp_fib_index = 0;

    switch (path->fp_type)
    {
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECEIVE:
        rpath->frp_addr = path->receive.fp_addr;
        rpath->frp_sw_if_index = path->receive.fp_interface;
        rpath->frp_flags |= FIB_ROUTE_PATH_LOCAL;
        break;
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED:
        rpath->frp_sw_if_index = path->attached.fp_interface;
        break;
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_ATTACHED_NEXT_HOP:
        rpath->frp_sw_if_index = path->attached_next_hop.fp_interface;
        rpath->frp_addr = path->attached_next_hop.fp_nh;
        break;
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_BIER_FMASK:
        rpath->frp_bier_fmask = path->bier_fmask.fp_bier_fmask;
        break;
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_SPECIAL:
        break;
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DEAG:
        rpath->frp_fib_index = path->deag.fp_tbl_id;
        if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_RPF_ID)
        {
            rpath->frp_flags |= FIB_ROUTE_PATH_RPF_ID;
        }
        break;
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_RECURSIVE:
        rpath->frp_addr = path->recursive.fp_nh.fp_ip;
        rpath->frp_fib_index = path->recursive.fp_tbl_id;
        break;
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_DVR:
          rpath->frp_sw_if_index = path->dvr.fp_interface;
          rpath->frp_flags |= FIB_ROUTE_PATH_DVR;
          break;
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_UDP_ENCAP:
          rpath->frp_udp_encap_id = path->udp_encap.fp_udp_encap_id;
          rpath->frp_flags |= FIB_ROUTE_PATH_UDP_ENCAP;
          break;
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_INTF_RX:
	  rpath->frp_sw_if_index = path->receive.fp_interface;
	  rpath->frp_flags |= FIB_ROUTE_PATH_INTF_RX;
	  break;
      case FIB_PATH_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE:
        rpath->frp_flags |= FIB_ROUTE_PATH_EXCLUSIVE;
      default:
        break;
    }

    if (path_ext && path_ext->fpe_type == FIB_PATH_EXT_MPLS) 
    {
        rpath->frp_label_stack = path_ext->fpe_path.frp_label_stack;
    }

    if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_DROP)
        rpath->frp_flags |= FIB_ROUTE_PATH_DROP;
    if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_ICMP_UNREACH)
        rpath->frp_flags |= FIB_ROUTE_PATH_ICMP_UNREACH;
    if (path->fp_cfg_flags & FIB_PATH_CFG_FLAG_ICMP_PROHIBIT)
        rpath->frp_flags |= FIB_ROUTE_PATH_ICMP_PROHIBIT;

    return (FIB_PATH_LIST_WALK_CONTINUE);
}

dpo_proto_t
fib_path_get_proto (fib_node_index_t path_index)
{
    fib_path_t *path;

    path = fib_path_get(path_index);

    return (path->fp_nh_proto);
}

void
fib_path_module_init (void)
{
    fib_node_register_type (FIB_NODE_TYPE_PATH, &fib_path_vft);
    fib_path_logger = vlib_log_register_class ("fib", "path");
}

static clib_error_t *
show_fib_path_command (vlib_main_t * vm,
			unformat_input_t * input,
			vlib_cli_command_t * cmd)
{
    fib_node_index_t pi;
    fib_path_t *path;

    if (unformat (input, "%d", &pi))
    {
	/*
	 * show one in detail
	 */
	if (!pool_is_free_index(fib_path_pool, pi))
	{
	    path = fib_path_get(pi);
	    u8 *s = format(NULL, "%U", format_fib_path, pi, 1,
                           FIB_PATH_FORMAT_FLAGS_NONE);
	    s = format(s, "\n  children:");
	    s = fib_node_children_format(path->fp_node.fn_children, s);
	    vlib_cli_output (vm, "%v", s);
	    vec_free(s);
	}
	else
	{
	    vlib_cli_output (vm, "path %d invalid", pi);
	}
    }
    else
    {
	vlib_cli_output (vm, "FIB Paths");
	pool_foreach_index (pi, fib_path_pool)
	 {
	    vlib_cli_output (vm, "%U", format_fib_path, pi, 0,
                             FIB_PATH_FORMAT_FLAGS_NONE);
	}
    }

    return (NULL);
}

VLIB_CLI_COMMAND (show_fib_path, static) = {
  .path = "show fib paths",
  .function = show_fib_path_command,
  .short_help = "show fib paths",
};